College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province , Hebei University , Baoding 071002 , China.
Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2019 Sep 11;11(36):32978-32986. doi: 10.1021/acsami.9b10399. Epub 2019 Aug 28.
Zinc-based battery chemistries have lately drawn great attention for grid-scale energy storage due to their material abundance and high safety. However, the low Coulombic efficiency (CE) and dendrite growth of zinc (Zn) anodes and the limited working voltage of current oxide cathodes are the major barriers hindering the development of rechargeable Zn-based batteries (RZBs). Here, we report an ultrafast and high-voltage Zn battery in a new cell configuration employing a graphite cathode, a Zn anode, and nonaqueous 1 M zinc bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (Zn(TFSI)) in acetonitrile (AN) electrolyte. This RZB operates through the (de)intercalation of TFSI anions into the graphite and the electrochemical Zn plating/stripping at the anode. The optimized Zn(TFSI)/AN electrolyte features high reductive/oxidative stability, good ionic conductivity (∼28 mS cm), and low viscosity (∼0.4 mPa·s), enabling the unprecedented cycling stability (over 1000 h) of the Zn anode with a dendrite-free morphology, the ultrafast Zn plating/stripping with a high CE (>99%), and the good compatibility with the graphite cathode. Consequently, this RZB exhibits a high average output voltage (2.2 V), a high energy/power density (86.5 Wh kg at 4400 W kg), and a long cycle life (97.3% capacity retention after 1000 cycles). The present work offers new insights and opportunities to the Zn-based electrochemistry.
基于锌的电池化学由于其丰富的材料和高安全性，最近引起了人们对电网规模储能的极大关注。然而，锌（Zn）阳极的低库仑效率（CE）和枝晶生长以及当前氧化物阴极的工作电压有限，是阻碍可充电 Zn 基电池（RZBs）发展的主要障碍。在这里，我们报告了一种在新电池结构中采用石墨阴极、Zn 阳极和非水 1 M 双（三氟甲烷磺酰基）亚胺锌（Zn（TFSI））在乙腈（AN）电解液中的超快和高压 Zn 电池。这种 RZB 通过 TFSI 阴离子在石墨中的嵌入和阳极上的电化学 Zn 电镀/剥离来运行。优化后的 Zn（TFSI）/AN 电解液具有高还原/氧化稳定性、良好的离子导电性（约 28 mS cm）和低粘度（约 0.4 mPa·s），使 Zn 阳极具有无枝晶形态的前所未有的循环稳定性（超过 1000 小时），超高的 Zn 电镀/剥离具有高 CE（>99%），以及与石墨阴极的良好兼容性。因此，这种 RZB 表现出高平均输出电压（2.2 V）、高能量/功率密度（86.5 Wh kg 在 4400 W kg）和长循环寿命（1000 次循环后 97.3%的容量保持率）。本工作为 Zn 基电化学提供了新的见解和机会。
