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生态系统服务价值变化与流域生态补偿标准制定。

Changes in Ecosystem Services Value and Establishment of Watershed Ecological Compensation Standards.

机构信息

Business School, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China.

International Economic &Technical Cooperation and Exchange Center, Ministry of Water Resources, Beijing 100038, China.

出版信息

Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Aug 16;16(16):2951. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16162951.

DOI:10.3390/ijerph16162951
PMID:31426344
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6719205/
Abstract

Ecological compensation standards and the allocation of compensation funds have always been the core issues of watershed ecological compensation. Due to the construction of the Eastern Route of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project (SNWTP), Jiangsu Province has paid a huge cost for the protection of water resources, and local economic development has been greatly affected. Therefore, this paper takes Jiangsu Province, the water source area of the Eastern Route of the SNWTP as an example, and combines a geographic information system (GIS) and remote sensing technology, using the ecosystem services value method to calculate the ecosystem services value of Jiangsu Province from 2005 to 2018. Then the change of this ecosystem services value in Jiangsu Province from 2015 to 2018 is taken as the basis for watershed ecological compensation standards of the Eastern Route. Through a compensation fund allocation model, watershed ecological compensation funds are allocated to four cities, Yangzhou, Huai'an, Suqian and Xuzhou, which are located along the Eastern Route of this SNWTP in Jiangsu Province. The results show that: (1) The ecosystem services value of Jiangsu Province has changed greatly. Urbanization and market environment of grain crops are the main reasons for this change; (2) the relationship between ecosystem services in Jiangsu Province is mainly synergistic; (3) Suqian receives US$24.73 million; Huai'an receives US$16.49 million; Yangzhou receives US$54.88 million and Xuzhou receives US$0.95 million in watershed ecological compensation, respectively. Watershed ecological compensation standards based upon the value of ecosystem services, and the allocation of compensation funds at the municipal level, are conducive to the improvement in efficiency of watershed ecological compensation in mainland China.

摘要

生态补偿标准和补偿资金分配一直是流域生态补偿的核心问题。由于南水北调东线工程（SNWTP）的建设，江苏省为保护水资源付出了巨大代价，当地经济发展受到了极大影响。因此，本文以 SNWTP 东线水源地江苏省为例，结合地理信息系统（GIS）和遥感技术，运用生态系统服务价值法，计算了江苏省 2005 年至 2018 年的生态系统服务价值。然后，以江苏省 2015 年至 2018 年这一生态系统服务价值变化为基础，确定了 SNWTP 东线流域生态补偿标准。通过补偿资金分配模型，将流域生态补偿资金分配给江苏省沿 SNWTP 东线的四个城市，即扬州、淮安、宿迁和徐州。结果表明：（1）江苏省的生态系统服务价值变化巨大，城市化和粮食作物市场环境是造成这种变化的主要原因；（2）江苏省生态系统之间的关系主要是协同的；（3）宿迁市获得 2473 万美元，淮安市获得 1649 万美元，扬州市获得 5488 万美元，徐州市获得 95 万美元的流域生态补偿。基于生态系统服务价值的流域生态补偿标准和市级补偿资金分配，有利于提高中国流域生态补偿的效率。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/207b/6719205/7f9052c587f0/ijerph-16-02951-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/207b/6719205/3ce2b8852a21/ijerph-16-02951-g0A1.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/207b/6719205/5818444ae2ce/ijerph-16-02951-g0A2.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/207b/6719205/81b2fd0984c2/ijerph-16-02951-g0A3.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/207b/6719205/a3d83573aba5/ijerph-16-02951-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/207b/6719205/f23844c22830/ijerph-16-02951-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/207b/6719205/5e4e6c055df1/ijerph-16-02951-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/207b/6719205/47b42c44abff/ijerph-16-02951-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/207b/6719205/7f9052c587f0/ijerph-16-02951-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/207b/6719205/3ce2b8852a21/ijerph-16-02951-g0A1.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/207b/6719205/5818444ae2ce/ijerph-16-02951-g0A2.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/207b/6719205/81b2fd0984c2/ijerph-16-02951-g0A3.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/207b/6719205/a3d83573aba5/ijerph-16-02951-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/207b/6719205/f23844c22830/ijerph-16-02951-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/207b/6719205/5e4e6c055df1/ijerph-16-02951-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/207b/6719205/47b42c44abff/ijerph-16-02951-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/207b/6719205/7f9052c587f0/ijerph-16-02951-g005.jpg

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