Gérontopôle de Toulouse, Institut du Vieillissement, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), F-31000 Toulouse, France.
UMR INSERM 1027, University of Toulouse III, F-31000 Toulouse, France.
Nutrients. 2019 Aug 16;11(8):1931. doi: 10.3390/nu11081931.
The benefits of long-term omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (ω3-PUFA) supplementation on muscle strength in older adults remains to be investigated.
We assessed the effect of ω3-PUFA supplementation and a multidomain (physical activity, cognitive training, and nutritional advice), alone or in combination, compared with placebo, on muscle strength. We also hypothesized that ω3-PUFA supplementation resulted in additional benefit in participants with a low docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)/eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) erythrocyte level at baseline and high adherence to the multidomain intervention sessions.
We performed secondary analyses of the Multidomain Alzheimer Preventive Trial (MAPT), a 3-year, multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled trial with four parallel groups. Participants were non-demented, aged 70 years or older. They were recruited in 13 memory clinics in France and Monaco between 30 May 2008 and 24 February 2011. Participants were randomly assigned to either ω3-PUFA alone (two capsules a day providing a total daily dose of 800 mg DHA and 225 mg EPA), ω3-PUFA plus the multidomain intervention (43 group sessions integrating advice for physical activity (PA), and nutrition, cognitive training, and three preventive consultations), the multidomain intervention plus placebo, or placebo alone. Our primary outcome was the change from baseline to 36 months of the muscle strength assessed with the repeated chair stand test and handgrip strength.
A total of 1680 participants (75.34 years ± 4.42) were randomized. In the modified intention-to-treat population ( = 1679), no significant differences at 3-year follow-up were observed in the repeated chair stand test score between any of the three intervention groups and the placebo group. The between-group differences compared with placebo were -0.05388 (-0.6800 to 0.5723; Standard Error, SE = 0.3192; = 0.8660) for the ω3-PUFA group, -0.3936 (-1.0217 to 0.2345; SE = 0.3180; = 0.2192) for the multidomain intervention plus placebo group, and -0.6017 (-1.2255 to 0.02222; SE = 0.2092; = 0.3202) for the combined intervention group. No significant effect was also found for the handgrip strength. Sensitivity analyses performed among participants with low (DHA+EPA) erythrocyte level at baseline (first quartile vs. others) or highly adherent participants (≥75% of the multidomain intervention sessions) revealed similar results.
Low dose ω3-PUFA supplementation, either alone or in combination with a multidomain lifestyle intervention comprising physical activity counselling, had no significant effects on muscle strength over 3 years in elderly people.
长期补充欧米伽 3 多不饱和脂肪酸（ω3-PUFA）对老年人肌肉力量的益处仍有待研究。
我们评估了 ω3-PUFA 补充剂与多领域（身体活动、认知训练和营养建议）单独或联合使用，与安慰剂相比，对肌肉力量的影响。我们还假设 ω3-PUFA 补充剂在基线时红细胞 docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)/eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) 水平较低且对多领域干预课程高度依从的参与者中会产生额外的益处。
我们对多领域阿尔茨海默病预防试验（MAPT）进行了二次分析，这是一项为期 3 年、多中心、随机、安慰剂对照的试验，有四个平行组。参与者是非痴呆的，年龄在 70 岁或以上。他们于 2008 年 5 月 30 日至 2011 年 2 月 24 日在法国和摩纳哥的 13 个记忆诊所招募。参与者被随机分配至 ω3-PUFA 单独组（每天服用两粒胶囊，每天提供 800 毫克 DHA 和 225 毫克 EPA）、ω3-PUFA 加多领域干预组（43 组会议，整合身体活动（PA）、营养、认知训练和三次预防咨询的建议）、多领域干预加安慰剂组或安慰剂单独组。我们的主要结局是从基线到 36 个月时使用反复坐立试验和握力评估的肌肉力量变化。
共有 1680 名参与者（75.34 岁±4.42 岁）被随机分配。在修改后的意向治疗人群中（n=1679），在 3 年随访时，与安慰剂组相比，任何干预组在反复坐立试验评分上均未观察到显著差异。与安慰剂相比，ω3-PUFA 组的组间差异为-0.05388（-0.6800 至 0.5723；标准误差，SE=0.3192；=0.8660），多领域干预加安慰剂组为-0.3936（-1.0217 至 0.2345；SE=0.3180；=0.2192），联合干预组为-0.6017（-1.2255 至 0.02222；SE=0.2092；=0.3202）。握力也没有发现显著效果。在基线时红细胞 DHA+EPA 水平较低（第一四分位数与其他水平）或高度依从性参与者（多领域干预课程≥75%）的敏感性分析中也得到了类似的结果。
低剂量 ω3-PUFA 补充剂，单独或与包含身体活动咨询的多领域生活方式干预联合使用，在 3 年内对老年人的肌肉力量没有显著影响。
