Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, RWTH, Neuenhofer Weg 21, D-52074 Aachen, Germany.
Nutrients. 2019 Aug 16;11(8):1932. doi: 10.3390/nu11081932.
Knowledge of anorexia nervosa (AN) in childhood is scarce. This review gives a state-of-the-art overview on the definition, classification, epidemiology and etiology of this serious disorder. The typical features of childhood AN in comparison to adolescent AN and avoidant restrictive eating disorder (ARFID) are described. Other important issues discussed in this article are somatic and psychiatric comorbidity, differential diagnoses and medical and psychological assessment of young patients with AN. Special problems in the medical and psychological treatment of AN in children are listed, although very few studies have investigated age-specific treatment strategies. The physical and mental outcomes of childhood AN appear to be worse than those of adolescent AN, although the causes for these outcomes are unclear. There is an urgent need for ongoing intensive research to reduce the consequences of this debilitating disorder of childhood and to help patients recover.
儿童神经性厌食症（AN）的知识相对匮乏。本综述概述了该严重障碍的定义、分类、流行病学和病因。描述了儿童 AN 与青少年 AN 和回避性限制型进食障碍（ARFID）的典型特征。本文还讨论了其他一些重要问题，包括躯体和精神共病、鉴别诊断以及对患有 AN 的年轻患者进行医学和心理评估。列出了儿童 AN 治疗中特殊的医学和心理问题，尽管很少有研究调查特定年龄的治疗策略。尽管这些结果的原因尚不清楚，但儿童 AN 的身心后果似乎比青少年 AN 更差。迫切需要持续进行深入研究，以减轻这种使人衰弱的儿童疾病的后果，并帮助患者康复。
