Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, Emerging Pathogens Institute, Center for Inflammation and Mucosal Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
Viruses. 2019 Aug 17;11(8):760. doi: 10.3390/v11080760.
Over the past two decades, there has been tremendous progress in understanding the impact of the intestinal microbiota on mammalian metabolism, physiology, and immune development and function. There has also been substantial advancement in elucidating the interplay between commensal and pathogenic bacteria. Relatively more recently, researchers have begun to investigate the effect of the intestinal microbiota on viral pathogenesis. Indeed, a growing body of literature has reported that commensal bacteria within the mammalian intestinal tract enhance enteric virus infections through a variety of mechanisms. Commensal bacteria or bacterial glycans can increase the stability of enteric viruses, enhance virus binding to host receptors, modulate host immune responses in a proviral manner, expand the numbers of host cell targets, and facilitate viral recombination. In this review, we will summarize the current literature exploring these effects of the intestinal microbiota on enteric virus infections.
在过去的二十年中，人们对肠道微生物群对哺乳动物代谢、生理和免疫发育与功能的影响有了巨大的认识进展。人们也在阐明共生菌和病原菌之间的相互作用方面取得了实质性进展。相对较新的是，研究人员开始研究肠道微生物群对病毒发病机制的影响。事实上，越来越多的文献报道称，哺乳动物肠道内的共生菌通过多种机制增强了肠道病毒的感染。共生菌或细菌糖可以增加肠道病毒的稳定性，增强病毒与宿主受体的结合，以促进病毒的方式调节宿主免疫反应，扩大宿主细胞靶标数量，并促进病毒重组。在这篇综述中，我们将总结目前探索肠道微生物群对肠道病毒感染影响的文献。
