Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 8, I-37134 Verona, Italy.
San Rocco Clinic, Via Monsignor G. V. Moreni 95, I-25018 Montichiari (BS), Italy.
Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Aug 17;20(16):4009. doi: 10.3390/ijms20164009.
Ozone (O) is a natural, highly unstable atmospheric gas that rapidly decomposes to oxygen. Although not being a radical molecule, O is a very strong oxidant and therefore it is potentially toxic for living organisms. However, scientific evidence proved that the effects of O exposure are dose-dependent: high dosages stimulate severe oxidative stress resulting in inflammatory response and tissue injury, whereas low O concentrations induce a moderate oxidative eustress activating antioxidant pathways. These properties make O a powerful medical tool, which can be used as either a disinfectant or an adjuvant agent in the therapy of numerous diseases. In this paper, the cellular mechanisms involved in the antioxidant response to O exposure will be reviewed with special reference to the activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and its role in the efficacy of ozone therapy.
臭氧（O）是一种天然的、极不稳定的大气气体，会迅速分解为氧气。尽管不是自由基分子，但 O 是一种很强的氧化剂，因此对生物体可能有毒。然而，科学证据证明，臭氧暴露的影响是剂量依赖性的：高剂量会刺激严重的氧化应激，导致炎症反应和组织损伤，而低浓度的 O 会引起适度的氧化应激，激活抗氧化途径。这些特性使 O 成为一种强大的医疗工具，可以用作消毒剂或辅助剂，用于治疗许多疾病。本文将专门讨论核因子红细胞 2 相关因子 2（Nrf2）的激活及其在臭氧治疗效果中的作用，综述细胞对臭氧暴露的抗氧化反应的机制。
