Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
World J Gastroenterol. 2019 Aug 14;25(30):4199-4212. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i30.4199.
The huge prognostic difference between early and late stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a challenging diagnostic problem. Alpha-fetoprotein is the mostly widely used biomarker for HCC used in the clinic, however it's sensitivity and specificity of is not optimal. The development and application of multiple biotechnologies, including next generation sequencing, multiple "omics" data, that include genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, metagenomics has been used for HCC diagnostic biomarker screening. Effective biomarkers/panels/models have been identified and validated at different clinical levels. A large proportion of these have a good diagnostic performance for HCC, especially for early HCC. In this article, we reviewed the various HCC biomarkers derived from "omics" data and discussed the advantages and disadvantages for diagnosis HCC.
早期和晚期肝细胞癌（HCC）之间巨大的预后差异是一个具有挑战性的诊断问题。甲胎蛋白是临床中最广泛使用的 HCC 生物标志物，但它的灵敏度和特异性并不理想。多种生物技术的发展和应用，包括下一代测序、多个“组学”数据，包括基因组学、表观基因组学、转录组学、蛋白质组学、代谢组学、宏基因组学，已被用于 HCC 诊断生物标志物筛选。在不同的临床层面已经确定和验证了有效的生物标志物/面板/模型。其中很大一部分对 HCC，尤其是早期 HCC 的诊断具有良好的性能。在本文中，我们综述了来自“组学”数据的各种 HCC 生物标志物，并讨论了用于 HCC 诊断的优缺点。
