Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, 8 Priory Road, Bristol, BS8 1TZ, UK.
School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2019 Aug 22;16(1):72. doi: 10.1186/s12966-019-0832-3.
Physical activity is associated with improved physical and mental health among children, but many children do not meet the recommended hour per day of moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA). The aim of this paper is to investigate participation in active after-school clubs and active travel to and from school at age 11 and estimate the average daily minutes of MVPA associated with active club attendance and active travel.
Accelerometer data were collected on three weekdays for 1296 11-year-old children in a cross-sectional study. Children reported attendance at active after-school clubs and how they travelled to and from school for each day of the week. To account for repeat days within child and clustering within schools we used multilevel models with random effects at the school and child level, and fixed effects for all covariates. We calculated odds ratios for participation in active after-school clubs and active travel for gender, measures of socio-economic position and BMI category. We also explored the association between active club attendance, active travel and daily average MVPA.
Boys and girls were equally likely to attend active after-school clubs. Boys were more likely to travel to school using active modes. Attendance at active after-school clubs and active travel home were not associated with each other. Attending an active after-school club was associated with an additional 7.6 min (95% CI: 5.0 to 10.3) average MVPA on that day among both boys and girls. Active travel was associated with an additional 4.7 min (95% CI: 2.9 to 6.5) average MVPA per journey for boys and 2.4 min (95% CI: 1.0 to 3.7) for girls.
Both active after-school clubs and active travel are associated with greater physical activity on the day that children participate in these, and we saw no evidence that those attending active clubs do so at the expense of active travel home afterwards. While the increased daily MVPA is small to moderate, active after-school clubs and active travel on multiple days of the week could make important contributions as part of complex interventions aimed at increasing population levels of physical activity in children.
身体活动与儿童身心健康的改善有关，但许多儿童没有达到每天推荐的 1 小时中等至剧烈强度身体活动（MVPA）。本文旨在研究 11 岁儿童参加课外积极俱乐部和上下学的活跃程度，并估计与积极俱乐部出勤和活跃旅行相关的平均每日 MVPA 分钟数。
在一项横断面研究中，对 1296 名 11 岁儿童的三个工作日进行了加速计数据收集。儿童报告了每周每天参加课外积极俱乐部的情况以及上下学的交通方式。为了在儿童和学校内部重复天数进行考虑，并考虑到所有协变量的固定效应，我们使用了带有学校和儿童水平随机效应的多层次模型。我们为性别、社会经济地位衡量标准和 BMI 类别计算了参加课外积极俱乐部和活跃旅行的优势比。我们还探索了积极俱乐部出勤、活跃旅行和日常平均 MVPA 之间的关联。
男孩和女孩参加课外积极俱乐部的可能性相同。男孩更有可能使用活跃的方式上学。参加课外积极俱乐部和主动回家旅行之间没有相互关联。参加课外积极俱乐部与当天男孩和女孩平均 MVPA 分别增加 7.6 分钟（95%CI：5.0 至 10.3）有关。对于男孩，活跃旅行与每次旅行平均 MVPA 增加 4.7 分钟（95%CI：2.9 至 6.5）有关，对于女孩，增加 2.4 分钟（95%CI：1.0 至 3.7）。
课外积极俱乐部和积极旅行都与儿童参与这些活动当天的更高身体活动水平相关，我们没有发现那些参加积极俱乐部的人以后因此而减少积极回家旅行的证据。虽然每天的 MVPA 增加量较小，但在一周内的多天参加课外积极俱乐部和积极旅行可能会作为旨在提高儿童人群身体活动水平的复杂干预措施的重要贡献。
