Bilska-Zając Ewa, Franssen Frits, Różycki Mirosław, Swart Arno, Karamon Jacek, Sroka Jacek, Zdybel Jolanta, Ziętek-Barszcz Anna, Cencek Tomasz
Department of Parasitology and Invasive Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute in Pulawy, Al. Partyzantow 57, 24-100, Pulawy, Poland.
National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands.
Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl. 2019 Jul 31;10:101-112. doi: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2019.07.009. eCollection 2019 Dec.
and are species of nematodes which are responsible for the majority of infections in the world and the most prevalent in Poland. The most abundant species - is considered to be more genetically homogeneous in Europe than . The aim of the present study was to determine the genetic variability in and populations based on nuclear 5S rDNA intergenic spacer region (5S rDNA) and cytochrome c oxidase 1 (COX1) gene sequences. For the study, 55 isolates of and 50 isolates of isolated from wild boars, pigs, brown rat and a red fox were analyzed. Based on the analysis of both genes, the genetic variability within populations of and differed. In , two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were observed in the 612 bp 5S rDNA gene fragment, and one SNP was detected in the 700 bp COX1 gene fragment. In , 17 single nucleotide variations (SNVs) were detected in the 5S rDNA gene fragment (among them 16 SNPs), while COX1 sequence analysis revealed the occurrence of 20 SNVs between the sequences tested (among them 19 SNPs). For the majority of isolates the investigated larvae presented uniform haplotypes. In contrast, most of the isolates of consisted of larvae of different haplotypes. Geographical analysis showed that each region exhibited different haplotype composition and richness. Warmińsko-Mazurskie and Zachodniopomorskie regions were the richest in haplotypes (15 and 16 haplotypes, respectively). We used heatmaps showing a characteristic pattern for each region graphically. This may allow to differentiate regions based on the occurrence of particular haplotypes. Furthermore, a PCA analysis on the SNP level yielded biplots that show that certain haplotypes/genotypes are associated with (clusters of) regions.
[线虫名称1]和[线虫名称2]是线虫的种类，它们导致了世界上大多数[线虫相关疾病名称]感染，并且在波兰最为普遍。在欧洲，数量最多的物种——[线虫名称1]被认为比[线虫名称2]在基因上更具同质性。本研究的目的是基于核5S rDNA基因间隔区（5S rDNA）和细胞色素c氧化酶1（COX1）基因序列，确定[线虫名称1]和[线虫名称2]种群的遗传变异性。为了这项研究，分析了从野猪、猪、褐家鼠和一只赤狐中分离出的55株[线虫名称1]和50株[线虫名称2]。基于对这两个基因的分析，[线虫名称1]和[线虫名称2]种群内的遗传变异性有所不同。在[线虫名称1]中，在612 bp的5S rDNA基因片段中观察到两个单核苷酸多态性（SNP），在700 bp的COX1基因片段中检测到一个SNP。在[线虫名称2]中，在5S rDNA基因片段中检测到17个单核苷酸变异（SNV）（其中16个SNP），而COX1序列分析显示，在所测试的序列之间出现了20个SNV（其中19个SNP）。对于大多数[线虫名称1]分离株，所研究的幼虫呈现出一致的单倍型。相比之下，大多数[线虫名称2]分离株由不同单倍型的幼虫组成。地理分析表明，每个地区都表现出不同的单倍型组成和丰富度。瓦尔米亚-马祖里省和西滨海省的单倍型最为丰富（分别为15种和16种单倍型）。我们使用热图以图形方式展示了每个地区的特征模式。这可能有助于根据特定单倍型的出现来区分不同地区。此外，在SNP水平上进行的主成分分析（PCA）产生了双标图，表明某些单倍型/基因型与（区域的）聚类相关。
