Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, 1st Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA Hospital, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54636, Greece.
Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece.
Nutrients. 2019 Aug 15;11(8):1911. doi: 10.3390/nu11081911.
Increased serum levels of uric acid have been associated with the onset and development of chronic kidney disease (CKD), cardiovascular disease, and mortality, through several molecular pathogenetic mechanisms, such as inflammation and oxidative stress. Oxidative stress is present even in the early stages of CKD, progresses parallelly with the deterioration of kidney function, and is even more exacerbated in end-stage renal disease patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis. Although acting in the plasma as an antioxidant, once uric acid enters the intracellular environment; it behaves as a powerful pro-oxidant. Exogenous intake of antioxidants has been repeatedly shown to prevent inflammation, atherosclerosis and oxidative stress in CKD patients. Moreover, certain antioxidants have been proposed to exert uric acid-lowering properties. This review aims to present the available data regarding the effects of antioxidant supplements on both oxidative stress and uric acid serum levels, in a population particularly susceptible to oxidative damage such as CKD patients.
尿酸水平升高与慢性肾脏病（CKD）、心血管疾病和死亡率的发生和发展有关，其涉及多种分子发病机制，如炎症和氧化应激。氧化应激甚至存在于 CKD 的早期阶段，与肾功能恶化平行进展，在接受维持性血液透析的终末期肾病患者中更为严重。尽管尿酸在血浆中作为一种抗氧化剂发挥作用，但一旦进入细胞内环境，它就表现为一种强大的促氧化剂。反复的研究表明，外源性摄入抗氧化剂可预防 CKD 患者的炎症、动脉粥样硬化和氧化应激。此外，某些抗氧化剂被认为具有降低尿酸的特性。本综述旨在介绍有关抗氧化补充剂对氧化应激和尿酸血清水平影响的现有数据，这些数据涉及到易受氧化损伤的人群，如 CKD 患者。
