Vasques João, Guerreiro Catarina Sousa, Sousa Joana, Pinto Mariana, Cortez-Pinto Helena
Laboratório de Nutrição, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028, Lisboa, Portugal.
Laboratório de Nutrição, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028, Lisboa, Portugal; Instituto de Saúde Ambiental, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028, Lisboa, Portugal.
Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2019 Oct;33:12-17. doi: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2019.07.011. Epub 2019 Aug 2.
Sarcopenia has been linked to oncologic and chronic diseases such as liver cirrhosis. In fact, sarcopenia is present in 25-70% of patients with liver cirrhosis. Furthermore, sarcopenia is an independent predictor of poor prognosis in many diseases. Currently cirrhotic patients are recommended to adopt a high protein diet (1.5 g/kg/day) with 30-40 kcal/kg/day and several meals throughout the day, being late evening snack intake with at least 50 g of carbohydrates of special importance. Despite the growing interest in the impact of sarcopenia in cirrhotic patients, there are still gaps in knowledge in the appropriate diagnostic criteria for this syndrome, the role of gut microbiota, as well as the most appropriate nutritional therapy.
肌肉减少症与诸如肝硬化等肿瘤疾病和慢性疾病有关。事实上，25%至70%的肝硬化患者存在肌肉减少症。此外，肌肉减少症是许多疾病预后不良的独立预测因素。目前建议肝硬化患者采用高蛋白饮食（1.5克/千克/天），每日摄入30至40千卡/千克，并分多餐进食，其中晚间小吃摄入至少50克碳水化合物尤为重要。尽管人们对肌肉减少症对肝硬化患者的影响越来越感兴趣，但在该综合征的适当诊断标准、肠道微生物群的作用以及最合适的营养治疗方面，仍存在知识空白。
