Yeung Wai Kent, Dawes Piers, Pye Annie, Neil Malcolm, Aslam Tariq, Dickinson Christine, Leroi Iracema
1Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, University of Manchester and the Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, UK.
2Manchester Centre for Audiology and Deafness, University of Manchester and the Manchester Academic Health Sciences, Manchester, UK.
NPJ Digit Med. 2019 Aug 22;2:82. doi: 10.1038/s41746-019-0154-5. eCollection 2019.
Uncorrected refractive error is a major cause of vision impairment, and is indexed by visual acuity. Availability of vision assessment is limited in low/middle-income countries and in minority groups in high income countries. eHealth tools offer a solution; two-thirds of the globe own mobile devices. This is a scoping review of the number and quality of tools for self-testing visual acuity. Software applications intended for professional clinical use were excluded. Keyword searches were conducted on Google online, Google Play and iOS store. The first 100 hits in each search were screened against inclusion criteria. After screening, 42 tools were reviewed. Tools assessed near and distance vision. About half ( = 20) used bespoke optotypes. The majority ( = 25) presented optotypes one by one. Four included a calibration procedure. Only one tool was validated against gold standard measures. Many self-test tools have been published, but lack validation. There is a need for regulation of tools for the self-testing of visual acuity to reduce potential risk or confusion to users.
未矫正的屈光不正乃视力损害的主要成因，且以视力来衡量。在低收入/中等收入国家以及高收入国家的少数群体中，视力评估服务的可及性有限。电子健康工具提供了一种解决方案；全球三分之二的人拥有移动设备。这是一项关于自测视力工具数量与质量的范围综述。排除了用于专业临床用途的软件应用程序。在谷歌在线、谷歌应用商店和iOS应用商店进行了关键词搜索。每次搜索的前100个结果依据纳入标准进行筛选。筛选后，对42种工具进行了综述。这些工具评估了近视力和远视力。约一半（=20种）使用了定制视标。大多数（=25种）逐一呈现视标。四种工具包含校准程序。只有一种工具依据金标准测量方法进行了验证。许多自测工具已发布，但缺乏验证。需要对视力自测工具进行监管，以降低对用户的潜在风险或造成的混淆。
