Children's Hospital Colorado, Sports Medicine Center, Aurora, Colorado.
University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado.
Clin J Sport Med. 2019 Sep;29(5):379-383. doi: 10.1097/JSM.0000000000000660.
To determine the relationship between low back pain (LBP), flexibility, and individual demographic characteristics in competitive adolescent female gymnasts.
Cross-sectional observational study.
Gymnastics facilities in Colorado.
Six- to 18-year-old gymnasts who participate in the USA Gymnastics Women's Artistic Junior Olympic Program levels 3 to 10.
Demographic data included height, weight, menstrual status, gymnastics level, and participation hours per week. Flexibility measurements were obtained on the gymnasts. Gymnasts also completed a questionnaire documenting LBP in the past 12 months. Univariable (t test and χ) analyses were used to assess between-group differences; multivariable logistic regression model was used to assess the association between LBP, flexibility, and demographics/injury history.
Low back pain within the past 12 months.
Thirty (45%) of 67 gymnasts reported LBP within the past year. Those who reported LBP were older (11.7 vs 13.7 years, P = 0.005), heavier (37.5 vs 43.4 kg, P = 0.049), and participated in gymnastics more often (19.1 vs 22.4 h/wk, P = 0.017). A greater proportion of gymnasts with LBP had experienced menarche compared with those without LBP (47% vs 16%; P = 0.008). On multivariable analysis, gymnasts with LBP were less likely to have left Iliotibial (IT) band tightness compared with those without LBP [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 0.186; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.04-0.82] and more likely to have experienced menarche (aOR = 8.0; 95% CI, 1.2-50.9).
Low back pain is more common in gymnasts who experienced menarche, whereas limited joint flexibility does not seem to be associated with LBP in this population.
确定腰痛（LBP）、柔韧性与竞技少女体操运动员个体人口统计学特征之间的关系。
横断面观察性研究。
科罗拉多州的体操设施。
参加美国体操协会女子艺术少年奥林匹克项目 3 至 10 级的 6 至 18 岁的体操运动员。
人口统计学数据包括身高、体重、月经状况、体操水平和每周参与时间。对运动员的柔韧性进行了测量。运动员还完成了一份问卷，记录过去 12 个月的腰痛情况。采用单变量（t 检验和 χ²检验）分析评估组间差异；多变量逻辑回归模型用于评估腰痛、柔韧性与人口统计学/损伤史之间的关系。
过去 12 个月内腰痛。
67 名体操运动员中有 30 名（45%）报告过去 1 年有腰痛。报告腰痛的运动员年龄较大（11.7 岁 vs 13.7 岁，P = 0.005）、体重较重（37.5 公斤 vs 43.4 公斤，P = 0.049）、每周体操训练更频繁（19.1 小时 vs 22.4 小时/周，P = 0.017）。有腰痛的运动员中，经历初潮的比例高于无腰痛的运动员（47% vs 16%；P = 0.008）。多变量分析显示，与无腰痛的运动员相比，有腰痛的运动员更容易出现髂胫束紧张（ILIOTIBIAL TIGHTNESS，IT 带紧张）（调整后的比值比[aOR] = 0.186；95%置信区间[CI]，0.04-0.82），且更有可能经历初潮（aOR = 8.0；95%CI，1.2-50.9）。
在经历初潮的体操运动员中，腰痛更为常见，而在该人群中，关节活动度有限似乎与腰痛无关。
