聚焦人类微生物群的噬菌体疗法。

Divya Ganeshan Sharita, Hosseinidoust Zeinab

School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.

Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L7, Canada.

Antibiotics (Basel). 2019 Aug 27;8(3):131. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics8030131.

Bacteriophages are viruses that infect bacteria. After their discovery in the early 1900s, bacteriophages were a primary cure against infectious disease for almost 25 years, before being completely overshadowed by antibiotics. With the rise of antibiotic resistance, bacteriophages are being explored again for their antibacterial activity. One of the critical apprehensions regarding bacteriophage therapy, however, is the possibility of genome evolution, development of phage resistance, and subsequent perturbations to our microbiota. Through this review, we set out to explore the principles supporting the use of bacteriophages as a therapeutic agent, discuss the human gut microbiome in relation to the utilization of phage therapy, and the co-evolutionary arms race between host bacteria and phage in the context of the human microbiota.

噬菌体是感染细菌的病毒。自20世纪初被发现以来，噬菌体在近25年的时间里一直是治疗传染病的主要手段，直到后来被抗生素完全取代。随着抗生素耐药性的增加，人们再次探索噬菌体的抗菌活性。然而，噬菌体疗法的一个关键担忧是其基因组进化、噬菌体抗性的产生以及随后对我们微生物群的干扰的可能性。通过本综述，我们着手探讨支持将噬菌体用作治疗剂的原理，讨论与噬菌体疗法应用相关的人类肠道微生物群，以及在人类微生物群背景下宿主细菌与噬菌体之间的共同进化军备竞赛。