Department of Radiology, Severance Hospital, Severance Pediatric Liver Disease Research Group, Research Institute of Radiological Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Korean J Radiol. 2019 Sep;20(9):1342-1357. doi: 10.3348/kjr.2019.0002.
Pediatric hepatobiliary imaging is important for evaluation of not only congenital or structural disease but also metabolic or diffuse parenchymal disease and tumors. A variety of ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques can be used for these assessments. In ultrasonography, conventional ultrasound imaging as well as vascular imaging, elastography, and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography can be used, while in MRI, fat quantification, T2/T2* mapping, diffusion-weighted imaging, magnetic resonance elastography, and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI can be performed. These techniques may be helpful for evaluation of biliary atresia, hepatic fibrosis, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, sinusoidal obstruction syndrome, and hepatic masses in children. In this review, we discuss each tool in the context of management of hepatobiliary disease in children, and cover various imaging techniques in the context of the relevant physics and their clinical applications for patient care.
儿科肝胆影像学对于评估先天性或结构性疾病、代谢性或弥漫性实质疾病以及肿瘤非常重要。可以使用多种超声和磁共振成像（MRI）技术进行这些评估。在超声检查中，可以使用常规超声成像以及血管成像、弹性成像和对比增强超声检查，而在 MRI 中，可以进行脂肪定量、T2/T2* 映射、扩散加权成像、磁共振弹性成像和动态对比增强 MRI。这些技术可能有助于评估胆道闭锁、肝纤维化、非酒精性脂肪肝疾病、窦状隙阻塞综合征和儿童肝肿块。在本综述中，我们将讨论每种工具在儿童肝胆疾病管理中的应用，并根据相关物理学原理以及它们在患者护理中的临床应用来介绍各种成像技术。
