Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York , NY , USA.
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami , FL , USA.
Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol. 2019 Jun;54(3):242-300. doi: 10.1080/10409238.2019.1651816.
Ribonucleases (RNases) are mediators in most reactions of RNA metabolism. In recent years, there has been a surge of new information about RNases and the roles they play in cell physiology. In this review, a detailed description of bacterial RNases is presented, focusing primarily on those from and , the model Gram-negative and Gram-positive organisms, from which most of our current knowledge has been derived. Information from other organisms is also included, where relevant. In an extensive catalog of the known bacterial RNases, their structure, mechanism of action, physiological roles, genetics, and possible regulation are described. The RNase complement of and is compared, emphasizing the similarities, but especially the differences, between the two. Included are figures showing the three major RNA metabolic pathways in and and highlighting specific steps in each of the pathways catalyzed by the different RNases. This compilation of the currently available knowledge about bacterial RNases will be a useful tool for workers in the RNA field and for others interested in learning about this area.
核糖核酸酶（RNases）是大多数 RNA 代谢反应的介质。近年来，关于 RNases 及其在细胞生理学中所扮演的角色的新信息大量涌现。在这篇综述中，详细描述了细菌 RNases，主要聚焦于革兰氏阴性和革兰氏阳性模式生物 和 中的那些 RNases，我们目前的大部分相关知识都来源于这两种生物。在适当的情况下，也包含了来自其他生物体的信息。在对已知细菌 RNases 的广泛目录中，描述了它们的结构、作用机制、生理作用、遗传学和可能的调控。比较了 和 的 RNase 组成，强调了两者之间的相似之处，但特别是差异。还包括显示 和 中三种主要 RNA 代谢途径的图片，并突出显示每条途径中由不同 RNases 催化的特定步骤。关于细菌 RNases 的现有知识的这种汇编将成为 RNA 领域工作者和其他有兴趣了解该领域的人的有用工具。
