Department of Pediatrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410013, China.
J Immunol Res. 2019 Aug 1;2019:4197829. doi: 10.1155/2019/4197829. eCollection 2019.
Exosomes are extracellular vesicles that contain diverse components such as genetic materials, proteins, and lipids. Owing to their distinct derivation and tissue specificity, exosomes act as double-edged swords during the development of neoplasms. On the one hand, tumor-derived exosomes can modulate the immune system during tumorigenesis by regulating inflammatory cell infiltration and oxidative stress and by promoting epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and immune-induced tumor dormancy. On the other hand, components of specific immune cell-derived exosomes may contribute to the efficacy of antitumor immunotherapy. In this review, we demonstrate the pivotal role of exosomes in the triangular relationship in the tumor microenvironment between the tumor, inflammation, and immunity, which may provide potential strategies for tumor immunotherapy at genetic and cellular levels.
外泌体是含有多种成分的细胞外囊泡，如遗传物质、蛋白质和脂质。由于其独特的起源和组织特异性，外泌体在肿瘤发生发展过程中充当双刃剑。一方面，肿瘤来源的外泌体可以通过调节炎症细胞浸润和氧化应激，促进上皮间质转化和免疫诱导的肿瘤休眠，在肿瘤发生过程中调节免疫系统。另一方面，特定免疫细胞来源的外泌体的成分可能有助于抗肿瘤免疫治疗的疗效。在这篇综述中，我们展示了外泌体在肿瘤微环境中肿瘤、炎症和免疫之间的三角关系中的关键作用，这可能为肿瘤免疫治疗在遗传和细胞水平上提供潜在的策略。
