Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2018;1056:109-122. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-74470-4_7.
Immune cells and mesenchymal stem/stromal cells are the major cellular components in tumor microenvironment that actively migrate to tumor sites by sensing "signals" released from tumor cells. Together with other stromal cells, they form the soil for malignant cell progression. In the crosstalk between tumor cells and its surrounded microenvironment, exosomes exert multiple functions in shaping tumor immune responses. In tumor cells, their exosomes can lead to pro-tumor immune responses, whereas in immune cells, their derived exosomes can operate on tumor cells and regulate their ability to growth, metastasis, even reaction to chemotherapy. Employing exosomes as vehicles for the delivery products to initiate anti-tumor immune responses has striking therapeutic effects on tumor progression. Thus, exosomes are potential therapeutic targets in tumor-related clinical conditions. Here we discuss the role of exosomes in regulating tumor immune microenvironment and future indications for the clinical application of exosomes.
免疫细胞和间充质干细胞是肿瘤微环境中的主要细胞成分，它们通过感知肿瘤细胞释放的“信号”而主动迁移到肿瘤部位。它们与其他基质细胞一起，为恶性细胞的进展提供了土壤。在肿瘤细胞与其周围微环境的相互作用中，外泌体在塑造肿瘤免疫反应方面发挥了多种功能。在肿瘤细胞中，它们的外泌体可以导致促肿瘤免疫反应，而在免疫细胞中，它们衍生的外泌体可以作用于肿瘤细胞并调节它们的生长、转移能力，甚至对化疗的反应。利用外泌体作为载体来传递产品，从而引发抗肿瘤免疫反应，对肿瘤进展具有显著的治疗效果。因此，外泌体是与肿瘤相关的临床病症中潜在的治疗靶点。在这里，我们讨论了外泌体在调节肿瘤免疫微环境中的作用以及外泌体在临床应用中的未来指征。
