The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Cell Microbiol. 2020 Jan;22(1):e13110. doi: 10.1111/cmi.13110. Epub 2019 Sep 8.
Plasmodium vivax is responsible for most of the malaria infections outside Africa and is currently the predominant malaria parasite in countries under elimination programs. P. vivax preferentially enters young red cells called reticulocytes. Advances in understanding the molecular and cellular mechanisms of entry are hampered by the inability to grow large numbers of P. vivax parasites in a long-term in vitro culture. Recent progress in understanding the biology of the P. vivax Reticulocyte Binding Protein (PvRBPs) family of invasion ligands has led to the identification of a new invasion pathway into reticulocytes, an understanding of their structural architecture and PvRBPs as targets of the protective immune response to P. vivax infection. This review summarises current knowledge on the role of reticulocytes in P. vivax infection, the function of the PvRBP family of proteins in generating an immune response in human populations, and the characterization of anti-PvRBP antibodies in blocking parasite invasion.
疟原虫 vivax 是造成非洲以外地区大多数疟疾感染的罪魁祸首，目前也是消除疟疾计划国家中的主要疟原虫寄生虫。疟原虫 vivax 优先进入称为网织红细胞的年轻红细胞。由于无法在长期体外培养中大量繁殖疟原虫 vivax 寄生虫，因此对进入的分子和细胞机制的理解进展受到阻碍。最近在理解疟原虫 vivax 网织红细胞结合蛋白 (PvRBPs) 家族入侵配体的生物学方面取得了进展，从而确定了进入网织红细胞的新入侵途径，了解了它们的结构架构以及 PvRBPs 作为针对疟原虫 vivax 感染的保护性免疫反应的靶标。这篇综述总结了目前关于网织红细胞在疟原虫 vivax 感染中的作用、PvRBP 蛋白家族在人类中产生免疫反应的功能以及抗 PvRBP 抗体在阻止寄生虫入侵方面的特征的知识。
