Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Sports Biomech. 2023 May;22(5):660-674. doi: 10.1080/14763141.2019.1640279. Epub 2019 Sep 2.
Full body kinematics and electromyographic (EMG) patterns may alter based on the workloads that are encountered during cycling. Understanding the effect of differing intensities on the cyclist can guide clinicians and bike fitters in improving specific muscle strength and cycling posture to optimise training and racing. We aimed to assess changes in lower limb EMG magnitudes and full body 3D kinematics of 17 well-trained cyclists at three different exercise intensities: 60%, 80% and 90% of maximum heart rate. Significant results were demonstrated for all the joints except the hip and shoulder. Cyclists' ankle dorsiflexion and knee extension increased between 6% and 9% with higher intensities. The elbow adopted a significantly more flexed position, increasing flexion by 39% from 60% to 90% intensity, whilst the lumbar and thoracic flexion increased by 7% at the higher intensity. There were significant increases in EMG signal amplitude at higher intensities for all muscle groups measured. These results will guide clinicians in strengthening specific muscles at specific ranges of the cycling pedal revolution. Guidelines for optimal bicycle configuration should take into account the full body position of the cyclist as well as the training and racing intensity when assessing kinematics.
全身运动学和肌电图（EMG）模式可能会根据骑行过程中遇到的工作量而改变。了解不同强度对自行车运动员的影响可以指导临床医生和自行车调整器改善特定肌肉力量和骑行姿势，以优化训练和比赛。我们旨在评估 17 名训练有素的自行车运动员在三种不同运动强度（最大心率的 60%、80%和 90%）下的下肢 EMG 幅度和全身 3D 运动学的变化。除了臀部和肩部外，所有关节都显示出了显著的结果。随着强度的增加，自行车运动员的踝关节背屈和膝关节伸展增加了 6%至 9%。肘部采用了明显更弯曲的位置，从 60%强度到 90%强度，弯曲增加了 39%，而腰椎和胸椎的弯曲增加了 7%。在更高的强度下，所有测量的肌肉群的 EMG 信号幅度都有显著增加。这些结果将指导临床医生在自行车踏板旋转的特定范围内增强特定肌肉的力量。评估运动学时，自行车配置的最佳指南应考虑自行车运动员的全身位置以及训练和比赛强度。
