Population Dynamics and Reproductive Health Unit, African Population and Health Research Center, APHRC Campus, Off Kirawa Road, Nairobi, Kenya.
Department of Sociology, Faculty of the Social Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria.
BMC Public Health. 2019 Sep 2;19(1):1207. doi: 10.1186/s12889-019-7543-1.
Consistent condom use is central to the prevention of transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), especially among young adults. This study drew from a cross-sectional survey of two Nigerian universities to determine the level of consistent condom use, explored the determinants of condom use consistency and reasons for inconsistent condom use.
We adopted a descriptive cross-sectional design, which involves the recruitment of 800 male and female students using stratified random sampling. Adjusted and unadjusted logistic regression models were used to examine the factors associated with consistent condom use among a final sample of 498 students who engaged in sex in the last year preceding the study.
Only 38.6% of sexually active participants (n = 498) used condoms consistently in the previous year. High condom self-efficacy score (AOR: 2.40; 95% CI: 1.58-3.64), discussion of HIV/STIs with sexual partner (AOR: 1.91; 95%CI: 1.29-2.83), knowing partner's HIV status (AOR: 1.48; 95% CI: 1.02-2.16), being students of university located in a high HIV prevalence area (AOR: 2.86; 95% CI: 1.92-4.28) and engaging in sex with only steady partner (AOR: 1.74; 95% CI: 1.17-2.60) were associated with a higher odds of consistent condom use. Trust, unavailability of condoms, dislike of condoms and a perception that condoms reduced sexual pleasure were the main reasons for inconsistent use of condoms.
The study found a low level of consistent condom use among study participants. Counselling young adults in Nigeria on condom self-efficacy, providing condoms on campuses and encouraging the discussion of sexually transmitted infections with sexual partners are central to improving the level of consistent condom use among Nigerian university students.
坚持使用避孕套是预防人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）和其他性传播疾病（STDs）传播的核心，尤其是在年轻成年人中。本研究基于对尼日利亚两所大学的横断面调查，旨在确定坚持使用避孕套的水平，探讨避孕套使用一致性的决定因素和不一致使用的原因。
我们采用描述性横断面设计，通过分层随机抽样招募了 800 名男女生。使用调整和未调整的逻辑回归模型，对在研究前一年发生性行为的最后样本中 498 名学生进行了与坚持使用避孕套相关的因素进行了检验。
只有 38.6%的活跃参与者（n=498）在过去一年中坚持使用避孕套。高避孕套自我效能评分（OR：2.40；95%CI：1.58-3.64）、与性伴侣讨论 HIV/性传播感染（OR：1.91；95%CI：1.29-2.83）、知晓伴侣的 HIV 状况（OR：1.48；95%CI：1.02-2.16）、就读于 HIV 高发地区的大学（OR：2.86；95%CI：1.92-4.28）以及仅与稳定伴侣发生性行为（OR：1.74；95%CI：1.17-2.60）与坚持使用避孕套的可能性更高相关。信任、避孕套不可用、不喜欢避孕套以及认为避孕套降低性快感是避孕套使用不一致的主要原因。
研究发现研究参与者中坚持使用避孕套的比例较低。对尼日利亚的年轻人进行避孕套自我效能的咨询、在校园内提供避孕套以及鼓励与性伴侣讨论性传播感染，是提高尼日利亚大学生坚持使用避孕套水平的核心措施。
