Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Sciences, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Saliyapura, Sri Lanka.
Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Sciences, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Saliyapura, Sri Lanka.
Sci Rep. 2019 Sep 2;9(1):12637. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-49122-z.
Anemia affects approximately 30% of children all over the world. Acute respiratory tract infections (ARTI), urinary tract infections (UTI) and gastroenteritis (GE) are common infectious entities in children. Here, we assessed the association between anemia and development of recurrent ARTI, UTI, and GE in children. This was a case-control study in hospitalized 2-5 years old children in Professorial Pediatric Unit at Teaching Hospital Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka. An 18-month follow up was done to assess the risk factors for the development of recurrent ARTI, GE, UTI, and control presented without infections. Further, 6-month follow up done after 3-month iron supplementation to assess the occurrence of recurrences. Blood Hb concentration was measured using Drabking's reagent. Logistic regression was used to find the risk factors for the development of recurrences. In ARTI, 121/165 (73.3%), GE, 88/124 (71%), UTI 46/96 (47.9%) and control 40/100 (40%) were having anemia. Initial ARTI group, recurrent ARTI was 24 (14.5%, p = 0.03); initial GE group: recurrent GE was 14 (11.3%, p = 0.03), recurrent ARTI was 11 (8.9%, p = 0.04); initial UTI group, development of; recurrent UTI was 8 (8.3%, p = 0.04); control, recurrent ARTI was 11 (11%, p = 0.03). Following 3-month iron supplementation reduction of recurrences was significant: initial ARTI recurrent ARTI in 90%, recurrent GE in 77.7%; initial GE recurrent GE in 83.3%, recurrent ARTI in 80%; initial UTI recurrent ARTI in 71.4% and control recurrent ARTI in 88.8%. Iron deficiency is a major type of anemia and anemic children are more prone to develop recurrent ARTI and GE. Once iron deficiency being corrected the rate of recurrent ARTI and GE was reduced. This would be a boost for policy developers to implement strategies at the community level to prevent iron deficiency in children to reduce ARTI and GE recurrences.
贫血影响着全世界约 30%的儿童。急性呼吸道感染（ARTI）、尿路感染（UTI）和胃肠炎（GE）是儿童中常见的感染性疾病。在这里，我们评估了贫血与儿童复发性 ARTI、UTI 和 GE 发展之间的关系。这是斯里兰卡教学医院教授儿科病房住院的 2-5 岁儿童的病例对照研究。进行了 18 个月的随访，以评估复发性 ARTI、GE、UTI 的发展风险因素和未出现感染的对照组。此外，在 3 个月补铁后进行 6 个月的随访，以评估复发的发生。使用 Drabking 试剂测量血 Hb 浓度。使用逻辑回归来寻找复发性疾病发展的风险因素。在 ARTI 中，121/165（73.3%）、GE 中 88/124（71%）、UTI 中 46/96（47.9%）和对照组 40/100（40%）存在贫血。在 ARTI 初始组中，复发性 ARTI 为 24 例（14.5%，p=0.03）；GE 初始组：复发性 GE 为 14 例（11.3%，p=0.03），复发性 ARTI 为 11 例（8.9%，p=0.04）；UTI 初始组：复发性 UTI 为 8 例（8.3%，p=0.04）；对照组中，复发性 ARTI 为 11 例（11%，p=0.03）。在进行 3 个月的补铁治疗后，复发的情况显著减少：ARTI 初始复发 ARTI 为 90%，GE 初始复发 GE 为 77.7%；GE 初始复发 GE 为 83.3%，复发性 ARTI 为 80%；UTI 初始复发 ARTI 为 71.4%，对照组复发性 ARTI 为 88.8%。缺铁是贫血的主要类型，贫血儿童更容易发生复发性 ARTI 和 GE。一旦缺铁得到纠正，复发性 ARTI 和 GE 的发生率就会降低。这将为政策制定者提供支持，以便在社区层面实施战略，预防儿童缺铁，从而减少 ARTI 和 GE 的复发。
