Cai Yimin, Du Zhumei, Yamasaki Seishi, Nguluve Damiao, Tinga Benedito, Macome Felicidade, Oya Tetsuji
Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences (JIRCAS), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8686, Japan.
Department of Grassland Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
Asian-Australas J Anim Sci. 2020 Jul;33(7):1103-1112. doi: 10.5713/ajas.19.0471. Epub 2019 Aug 26.
To measure whether a microbial additive could effectively improve the fermentation quality of delayed-sealing (DS) silage, we studied the effects of inoculants of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and cellulase enzyme on microbial populations, ensiling characteristics, and spoilage loss of DS silage of Napier grass in Africa.
Quick-sealing (QS) and DS silages were prepared with and without LAB (Lactobacillus plantarum) inoculant, cellulase enzymes, and their combination. The QS material was directly chopped and packed into a bunker silo. The DS material was packed into the silo with a delay of 24 h from harvest.
In the QS silage, LAB was dominant in the microbial population and produced large amounts of lactic acid. When the silage was treated with LAB and cellulase, the fermentation quality was improved. In the DS silage, aerobic bacteria and yeasts were the dominant microbes and all the silages were of poor quality. The yeast and mold counts in the DS silage were high, and they increased rapidly during aerobic exposure. As a result, the DS silages spoiled faster than the QS silages upon aerobic exposure.
DS results in poor silage fermentation and aerobic deterioration. The microbial additive improved QS silage fermentation but was not effective for DS silage.
为了测定一种微生物添加剂是否能有效改善延迟密封（DS）青贮饲料的发酵品质，我们研究了乳酸菌（LAB）接种剂和纤维素酶对非洲象草DS青贮饲料微生物种群、青贮特性和变质损失的影响。
制备添加和不添加LAB（植物乳杆菌）接种剂、纤维素酶及其组合的快速密封（QS）和DS青贮饲料。QS材料直接切碎并装入青贮窖。DS材料在收获后延迟24小时装入青贮窖。
在QS青贮饲料中，LAB在微生物种群中占主导地位并产生大量乳酸。当青贮饲料用LAB和纤维素酶处理时，发酵品质得到改善。在DS青贮饲料中，需氧菌和酵母菌是主要微生物，所有青贮饲料质量都很差。DS青贮饲料中的酵母菌和霉菌数量很高，并且在有氧暴露期间迅速增加。结果，DS青贮饲料在有氧暴露时比QS青贮饲料变质更快。
DS导致青贮饲料发酵不良和有氧变质。微生物添加剂改善了QS青贮饲料的发酵，但对DS青贮饲料无效。
