Geschke Jonas
Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Altenbergrain 21, 3013 Bern, Switzerland.
Plants (Basel). 2019 Sep 2;8(9):320. doi: 10.3390/plants8090320.
In times of land use changes towards more close-to-nature forestry, the application of bioindicators becomes an interesting tool for effective land-use management schemes. Forest managers are increasingly confronted by alien tree species. Therefore, this case study aimed to investigate the influence of the invasive black cherry () on bats (Chiroptera: Verpertilionidae) in pine () forest ecosystems, in order to identify the potential of bats as bioindicators for a black cherry invasion. In three pre-classified succession stages of the black cherry, the diversity and relative abundance of bats were bioacoustically monitored for a period of 60 nights. From the bat call recordings made during the study period, eight bat species could be identified to species level. Within the succession stages of pine monoculture and light black cherry forest, a comparable bat diversity of eight bat species and three sonotypes with a similar relative abundance were observed. In dense black cherry forest, only four species and one sonotype were detected. Compared to the pine monoculture and light black cherry forest, the overall abundance of the bat community was significantly lower in the dense black cherry forest. Upon evaluation, those bat species associated with the edge and narrow space forager guilds were found to have a high sensitivity to a dense black cherry understory within naturally monocultural pine stands. Their activity patterns indicate that the transition from light to dense black cherry understory can be considered as a potential threshold value for a close-to-nature black cherry understory density in high canopy pine forest stands.
在土地利用向更接近自然的林业转变的时期，生物指示物的应用成为有效土地利用管理方案的一个有趣工具。森林管理者越来越多地面临外来树种的问题。因此，本案例研究旨在调查入侵性黑樱桃（）对松树林生态系统中蝙蝠（翼手目：蝙蝠科）的影响，以便确定蝙蝠作为黑樱桃入侵生物指示物的潜力。在黑樱桃的三个预先分类的演替阶段，通过生物声学方法对蝙蝠的多样性和相对丰度进行了为期60个夜晚的监测。从研究期间录制的蝙蝠叫声中，可以鉴定出8种蝙蝠到物种水平。在松树单一栽培和轻度黑樱桃林的演替阶段，观察到8种蝙蝠和3种声型的蝙蝠多样性相当，相对丰度相似。在茂密的黑樱桃林中，仅检测到4种蝙蝠和1种声型。与松树单一栽培和轻度黑樱桃林相比，茂密黑樱桃林中蝙蝠群落的总体丰度显著较低。经评估，发现与边缘和狭窄空间觅食群体相关的蝙蝠物种对天然单一栽培松林中茂密的黑樱桃下层具有高度敏感性。它们的活动模式表明，从轻度到茂密的黑樱桃下层的转变可被视为高树冠松林中接近自然的黑樱桃下层密度的潜在阈值。
