Kushlev Kostadin, Drummond Danielle M, Diener Ed
Georgetown University, USA.
University of Utah, USA.
Appl Psychol Health Well Being. 2020 Mar;12(1):166-187. doi: 10.1111/aphw.12178. Epub 2019 Sep 3.
Happiness and health behavior are positively related, but most existing research does not distinguish between conceptually and empirically distinct components of subjective well-being-satisfaction with life, positive affect, and negative affect.
We assessed the associations of each component of subjective well-being and health behavior, such as exercising and not smoking, in a broad, representative sample of nearly 2.5 million respondents from the USA in the Gallup Daily Poll.
We found that both life satisfaction and positive affect, but not negative affect, are unique predictors of health behavior, even after controlling for a wide range of variables, including demographics, chronic illness, daily stress and pain, and other relevant factors. Positive affect was linearly related to health behavior, while life satisfaction showed an association only for individuals relatively satisfied with their lives (but not for those dissatisfied with their lives). These associations were not moderated by various factors, occurring across gender and age, personal resources like time and money, and environmental affordances such as access to fresh food and safe places to exercise.
The relationship between well-being and health behavior is robust and generalisable in a large cross-section of the US population.
幸福与健康行为呈正相关，但大多数现有研究并未在概念和实证上区分主观幸福感（生活满意度、积极情绪和消极情绪）中不同的组成部分。
我们在盖洛普每日民意调查中，对来自美国的近250万具有广泛代表性的受访者样本，评估了主观幸福感各组成部分与健康行为（如锻炼和不吸烟）之间的关联。
我们发现，即使在控制了一系列变量（包括人口统计学特征、慢性病、日常压力和疼痛以及其他相关因素）之后，生活满意度和积极情绪都是健康行为的独特预测因素，而消极情绪则不是。积极情绪与健康行为呈线性相关，而生活满意度仅与对自己生活相对满意的个体（而非对自己生活不满意的个体）有关联。这些关联不受各种因素的调节，在不同性别和年龄、时间和金钱等个人资源以及获得新鲜食物和安全锻炼场所等环境条件中均会出现。
幸福感与健康行为之间的关系在美国大量人群中是稳固且具有普遍性的。
