Bera Indrajit, Tyagi Praveen K, Mir Nasir Akbar, Begum Jubeda, Dev Kapil, Tyagi Pramod K, Biswas Avishek, Sharma Divya, Mandal Asit Baran
ICAR- Central Avian Research Institute, Izatnagar, India.
College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar, India.
J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl). 2019 Nov;103(6):1800-1809. doi: 10.1111/jpn.13190. Epub 2019 Sep 4.
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary soapnut (Sapindus mukorossi) shell powder (SSP), a cheap source of saponins, on growth performance, immunity, serum biochemistry and gut health of broiler chickens. The experimental design was 4×2, employing four saponin levels (0, 100, 150 and 200 mg/kg diet), each provided for two time durations (0-42 day and 21-42 day) resulting into eight dietary treatments. Results revealed no significant effect of dietary saponins on body weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio of birds. The abdominal fat percentage, heterophil to lymphocyte ratio, serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels, faecal total plate count, coliform count and E. coli count decreased (p < .05) progressively with increasing saponin levels and lower values were observed at 150 mg and 200 mg saponin levels. Significant improvement of cell-mediated and humoral immune response was observed in birds fed 150 mg and 200 mg saponin compared to control. The serum glucose concentration was significantly (p < .05) higher in control group compared to other groups. No significant effects of dietary saponin were observed on carcass characteristics, faecal Lactobacillus count, intestinal histomorphometry and cost economics of broiler chicken production. Thus, dietary saponins at 150 mg/kg diet as SSP for three weeks (21-42 days) was optimum for better immunity and welfare of birds without adverse effects on the growth performance.
本研究旨在评估作为皂苷廉价来源的食用无患子（Sapindus mukorossi）壳粉（SSP）对肉鸡生长性能、免疫力、血清生化指标和肠道健康的影响。实验设计为4×2，采用四个皂苷水平（0、100、150和200毫克/千克日粮），每个水平设置两个时间段（0至42天和21至42天），从而形成八种日粮处理。结果表明，日粮皂苷对鸡的体重增加、采食量和饲料转化率没有显著影响。随着皂苷水平的升高，腹部脂肪百分比、异嗜性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比例、血清胆固醇和甘油三酯水平、粪便总菌数、大肠菌群数和大肠杆菌数逐渐降低（p<0.05），在皂苷水平为150毫克和200毫克时观察到较低的值。与对照组相比，饲喂150毫克和200毫克皂苷的鸡的细胞介导免疫反应和体液免疫反应有显著改善。与其他组相比，对照组的血清葡萄糖浓度显著更高（p<0.05）。日粮皂苷对肉鸡的胴体特性、粪便乳酸杆菌数、肠道组织形态计量学和生产成本经济学没有显著影响。因此，日粮中添加150毫克/千克的皂苷作为SSP，持续三周（21至42天），最有利于提高鸡的免疫力和福利，且对生长性能没有不利影响。
