Center for Energy Development and Environmental Protection Strategy Research, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China.
PLoS One. 2019 Sep 4;14(9):e0221264. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221264. eCollection 2019.
With green development becoming a global movement, environmental tax has been adopted by many governments to promote green development. This study analyzes the impact of environmental tax on green development by using a four-dimension dynamical system. The establishment of the system is based on the complex and dynamic interactions among economic development, pollution emissions, resources consumption, and environmental tax, where roles of environmental tax are reflected by the linear parameters. A theoretic analysis shows the complexity of the behavior of the system. Mainly, the existence of chaos is inferred by Lyapunov exponent spectrum and bifurcation diagram, then verified by the presence of a chaotic attractor. An empirical study of the green development dynamical system in China demonstrates the particular evolution paths of economic growth, pollution intensity, and resource intensity under different environmental tax parameters. Results indicate a robust beneficial role of environmental tax on green development. Furthermore, when an environmental tax is imposed, a firm government control, an active consumer awareness, an advanced technology level can stimulate economic growth, decrease pollution intensity, and control the resource intensity. But the government control has a stronger effect. This study provides a viable and promising approach to analyze the role of imposing an environmental tax on green development and may have potential application in other areas and countries.
随着绿色发展成为全球潮流，许多国家的政府都采取了环境税来促进绿色发展。本研究通过一个四维动力系统分析了环境税对绿色发展的影响。该系统的建立基于经济发展、污染排放、资源消耗和环境税之间的复杂动态相互作用，其中环境税的作用通过线性参数来体现。理论分析表明系统行为的复杂性。主要通过 Lyapunov 指数谱和分岔图推断混沌的存在，然后通过混沌吸引子的存在来验证。对中国绿色发展动力系统的实证研究表明，在不同的环境税参数下，经济增长、污染强度和资源强度的特殊演变路径。结果表明环境税对绿色发展具有稳健的促进作用。此外，当征收环境税时，强有力的政府控制、积极的消费者意识和先进的技术水平可以刺激经济增长、降低污染强度和控制资源强度。但政府控制的效果更强。本研究为分析征收环境税对绿色发展的作用提供了一种可行且有前途的方法，可能在其他领域和国家具有潜在的应用价值。
