Departamento de Química, Universidad de Nariño, Pasto AA 1175, Nariño, Colombia.
Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá DC AA 14490, Colombia.
Molecules. 2019 Sep 3;24(17):3209. doi: 10.3390/molecules24173209.
The byproducts (seeds and peels) of an avocado cultivated in the south of Colombia were extracted with aqueous acetone and their antioxidant properties were measured with ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) and DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) assays, and total polyphenol content was determined by Folin-Ciocalteu method. A bioguided fractionation was performed, first by SPE (solid phase extraction) on Amberlite XAD-7, and then by size exclusion chromatography on Sephadex LH-20. The polyphenolic-rich extracts and their fractions were analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS/MS), finding the presence of organic acids, hydroxycinnamic acids, catechins, free and glycosylated flavonoids, and dimeric and trimeric procyanidins. Catechin, epicatechin, six quercetin derivatives, four dimeric procyanidins (three type B and one type A), and three trimeric procyanidins (two type B and one type A) were detected in the most active fractions of avocado peel and seeds. The most antioxidant fractions contain the higher molecular weight phenolic compounds (condensed tannins).
牛油果（鳄梨）是一种在哥伦比亚南部种植的水果，我们对其副产物（种子和果皮）用乙酸乙酯进行了提取，并采用 ABTS（2,2'- 连氮 - 双 (3- 乙基苯并噻唑啉 -6- 磺酸)）和 DPPH（2,2- 二苯基 -1- 苦基肼）法测定了它们的抗氧化性能，还采用福林 - 肖卡法测定了总多酚含量。我们进行了生物导向的分步分离，首先在 Amberlite XAD-7 上进行 SPE（固相萃取），然后在 Sephadex LH-20 上进行尺寸排阻色谱。对富含多酚的提取物及其级分进行了超高效液相色谱 - 电喷雾电离 - 质谱联用分析（UPLC-ESI-MS/MS），发现了有机酸、羟基肉桂酸、儿茶素、游离和糖苷化黄酮类化合物以及二聚体和三聚体原花青素的存在。在牛油果果皮和种子的最活跃级分中检测到了儿茶素、表儿茶素、六种槲皮素衍生物、四种二聚体原花青素（三种 B 型和一种 A 型）和三种三聚体原花青素（两种 B 型和一种 A 型）。抗氧化能力最强的级分含有较高分子量的酚类化合物（缩合单宁）。
