The Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB54 4RR, UK.
Department of Human Nutrition, Royal University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Public Health Nutr. 2019 Nov;22(16):2941-2949. doi: 10.1017/S1368980019002295. Epub 2019 Sep 5.
Aquaculture is one of the fastest-growing food production sectors in many low-income and food-deficit countries with aquatic ecozones. Yet its specific impact on nutrition and livelihood in local communities, where commercial and/or export-orientated aquaculture activities are developed, is largely unknown.
The present narrative and argumentative review aims to provide an overview of our current understanding of the connections between aquaculture agroecosystems, local and national fish production, fish consumption patterns and nutrition and health outcomes.
The agroecological dynamic in a coastal-estuarine zone, where the aquatic environment ranges from fully saline to freshwater, is complex, with seasonal and annual fluctuations in freshwater supply creating a variable salinity gradient which impacts on aquatic food production and on food production more generally. The local communities living in these dynamic aquatic ecozones are vulnerable to poverty, poor diet and health, while these ecosystems produce highly valuable and nutritious aquatic foods. Policies addressing the specific challenges of risk management of these communities are limited by the sectoral separation of aquatic food production - the fisheries and aquaculture sector, the broader food sector - and public health institutions.
Here we provide an argument for the integration of these factors to improve aquaculture value chains to better address the nutritional challenges in Bangladesh.
水产养殖是许多水生生态区的低收入和粮食短缺国家增长最快的食品生产部门之一。然而，在商业和/或出口导向型水产养殖活动发达的地方社区，水产养殖对营养和生计的具体影响在很大程度上尚不清楚。
本叙述性和论证性综述旨在概述我们目前对水产养殖农业生态系统、当地和国家鱼类生产、鱼类消费模式以及营养和健康结果之间联系的理解。
沿海-河口区的农业生态动态复杂，水生态系统的盐度从完全咸水到淡水不等，季节性和年度淡水供应波动会产生可变的盐度梯度，从而影响水生食物生产以及更广泛的食物生产。生活在这些动态水生生态区的当地社区容易陷入贫困、饮食不良和健康状况不佳，而这些生态系统生产高价值和营养丰富的水生食品。由于水产养殖部门与渔业和水产养殖部门、更广泛的食品部门以及公共卫生机构之间的部门分离，应对这些社区风险管理具体挑战的政策受到限制。
在这里，我们提出了一个论点，即整合这些因素以改善水产养殖价值链，以更好地应对孟加拉国的营养挑战。
