Coburg University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Institute for Bioanalysis, Friedrich-Streib-Str. 2, 96450, Coburg, Germany.
Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ GmbH, Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Permoserstraße 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany.
Sci Rep. 2019 Sep 6;9(1):12871. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-49313-8.
Anaerobic degradation (AD) of heterogeneous agricultural substrates is a complex process involving a diverse microbial community. While microbial community composition of a variety of biogas plants (BPs) is well described, little is known about metabolic processes and microbial interaction patterns. Here, we analyzed 16 large-scale BPs using metaproteomics. All metabolic steps of AD were observed in the metaproteome, and multivariate analyses indicated that they were shaped by temperature, pH, volatile fatty acid content and substrate types. Biogas plants could be subdivided into hydrogenotrophic, acetoclastic or a mixture of both methanogenic pathways based on their process parameters, taxonomic and functional metaproteome. Network analyses showed large differences in metabolic and microbial interaction patterns. Both, number of interactions and interaction partners were highly dependent on the prevalent methanogenic pathway for most species. Nevertheless, we observed a highly conserved metabolism of different abundant Pseudomonas spp. for all BPs indicating a key role during AD in carbohydrate hydrolysis irrespectively of variabilities in substrate input and process parameters. Thus, Pseudomonas spp. are of high importance for robust and versatile AD food webs, which highlight a large variety of downstream metabolic processes for their respective methanogenic pathways.
农业异质底物的厌氧降解（AD）是一个涉及多种微生物群落的复杂过程。虽然各种沼气厂（BP）的微生物群落组成已经得到很好的描述，但对于代谢过程和微生物相互作用模式知之甚少。在这里，我们使用宏蛋白质组学分析了 16 个大型 BP。AD 的所有代谢步骤都在宏蛋白质组中被观察到，多元分析表明它们受到温度、pH 值、挥发性脂肪酸含量和底物类型的影响。根据工艺参数、分类和功能宏蛋白质组，沼气厂可以分为产氢型、乙酸营养型或两者兼有的产甲烷途径。网络分析显示，代谢和微生物相互作用模式存在很大差异。对于大多数物种来说，无论是相互作用的数量还是相互作用的伙伴，都高度依赖于流行的产甲烷途径。然而，我们观察到不同丰富的假单胞菌属在所有 BP 中具有高度保守的代谢，这表明在 AD 中，它们在碳水化合物水解过程中起着关键作用，而与底物输入和工艺参数的变化无关。因此，假单胞菌属对于稳健和多功能的 AD 食物网具有重要意义，这凸显了它们各自产甲烷途径的大量下游代谢过程。
