长链非编码 RNA 在重大人类疾病中的作用。

The role of long noncoding RNA in major human disease.

机构信息

Department of Biotechnology, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China.

First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China.

出版信息

Bioorg Chem. 2019 Nov;92:103214. doi: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103214. Epub 2019 Aug 21.

DOI:10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103214

PMID:31499258

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are RNAs whose transcripts are longer than 200nt in length and lack the ability to encode proteins due to lack of specific open reading frames. lncRNAs were once thought to represent transcriptome noise or garbage sequences and a byproduct of RNA polymerase II (Pol II), and thereby ignored by researchers. In fact, lncRNA was involved in a wide variety of physiological and pathological processes in organisms. Comprehensive study of lncRNA does not only provide explanations to the physiological and pathological processes of living organisms, but also gives us new perspectives to the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of some clinical diseases. Therefore, the study of lncRNA is a very broad field of great research value and significance.

RESULTS

This article reviews the function of lncRNAs and their role in major human diseases.

CONCLUSIONS

Numerous studies show that lncRNA might serve as a biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis of various diseases. Compared to conventional biomarkers, lncRNA seems to have a higher diagnostic and prognostic values, not only because of their tissue and disease specific expression patterns, but also due to their highly stable physical and chemical properties.

摘要

背景

长链非编码 RNA（lncRNA）是指转录本长度大于 200nt 且由于缺乏特定的开放阅读框而无法编码蛋白质的 RNA。lncRNA 曾经被认为代表了转录组噪声或垃圾序列以及 RNA 聚合酶 II（Pol II）的副产物，因此被研究人员忽视。事实上，lncRNA 参与了生物体中广泛的生理和病理过程。对 lncRNA 的全面研究不仅为生物体的生理和病理过程提供了解释，也为某些临床疾病的诊断、预防和治疗提供了新的视角。因此，lncRNA 的研究是一个非常广阔的领域，具有很大的研究价值和意义。