Eid Samah, Samir Abdel Hafeez
Department of Bacteriology, Reference Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production, Animal Health Research Institute, P.O. Box 264, Dokki, Giza 12618, Egypt.
Department of Biotechnology, Reference Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production, Animal Health Research Institute, P.O. Box 264, Dokki, Giza 12618, Egypt.
Vet World. 2019 Jul;12(7):1167-1174. doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2019.1167-1174. Epub 2019 Jul 30.
This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and implication of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing and Class 1 integrons (1) gene carriers isolates that demonstrated multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotypes and was isolated from turkeys that suffered from respiratory manifestations.
A total of 120 freshly dead turkey poults that suffered from respiratory manifestations, with a history of treatment failure at Hefna, Belbis, Sharqia (Egypt) were sampled. From each bird lung and liver were aseptically collected and transported for laboratory investigations.
Examination of samples collected from 120 freshly dead turkey poults revealed the isolation of coagulase-positive staphylococci, coagulase-negative staphylococci, spp., spp., spp., spp., spp., and . with the prevalence rates of 12/120 (10%), 30/120 (35%), 17/120 (14.2%), 5/120 (4.1%), 17/120 (14.2%), 6/120 (5%), 7/120 (5.8%), and 18/120 (15%), respectively. isolates were subjected for serotyping and characterization, while the rest of isolates were preserved to be investigated later in further studies. Serogrouping of . isolates revealed the identification of O119, O6, O8, and O169, while 1/18 of isolates was untypable. Studying phenotypic antibiotic susceptibility profiles of isolates revealed that 18/18 (100%) of isolates demonstrated resistance against cefuroxime, tetracycline, and trimethoprim, 16/18 (88.9%) of isolates demonstrated resistance to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, enrofloxacin, and norfloxacin, 14/18 (77.8%) of isolates demonstrated resistance to doxycycline and ciprofloxacin, and 9/18 (50%) of isolates showed resistance to gentamycin. Double disk synergy test showed that 6/18 (33.3%), 8/18 (44.4%), and 13/18 (72.2%) of isolates demonstrated the phenotypic pattern of ESBL producers with cefepime, cefotaxime, and ceftriaxone, respectively. Genotypic attributes for beta-lactamase TEM gene and 1 gene were studied by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and revealed that 17/18 (94.4%) of isolates were positive for both genes. Embryo lethality test indicated that the 18 studied isolates were considered primary pathogens.
The results revealed that 18/18 (100%) of . isolates demonstrated MDR against three or more antibiotic groups, 9/18 (50%) of isolates showed extensive resistance against the nine tested chemotherapeutic agents from seven antibiotic groups. It is recommended to monitor the circulation of MDR and ESBL-producing pathogens in poultry production in a one health approach, as a preventive measure to mitigate the risk imposed on public health.
本研究旨在调查从患有呼吸道症状的火鸡中分离出的表现出多重耐药（MDR）表型的产超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBL）和1类整合子（1）基因携带者菌株的流行情况及影响。
对埃及谢赫村省赫夫纳、贝尔比斯的120只患有呼吸道症状且有治疗失败史的刚死亡的小火鸡进行采样。从每只鸡身上无菌采集肺和肝脏并运送至实验室进行检测。
对120只刚死亡的小火鸡采集的样本进行检测，发现分离出凝固酶阳性葡萄球菌、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌、[具体菌名1]、[具体菌名2]、[具体菌名3]、[具体菌名4]、[具体菌名5]和[具体菌名6]，其流行率分别为12/120（10%）、30/120（35%）、17/120（14.2%）、5/120（4.1%）、17/120（14.2%）、6/120（5%）、7/120（5.8%）和18/120（15%）。对[具体菌名6]分离株进行血清分型和特征鉴定，其余分离株保存以便后续进一步研究。[具体菌名6]分离株的血清分组显示鉴定出O119、O6、O8和O169，而1/18的分离株无法分型。研究分离株的表型抗生素敏感性谱显示，18/18（100%）的分离株对头孢呋辛、四环素和甲氧苄啶耐药，16/18（88.9%）的分离株对阿莫西林/克拉维酸、恩诺沙星和诺氟沙星耐药，14/18（77.8%）的分离株对强力霉素和环丙沙星耐药，9/18（50%）的分离株对庆大霉素耐药。双纸片协同试验显示，分别有6/18（33.3%）、8/18（44.4%）和13/18（72.2%）的分离株对头孢吡肟、头孢噻肟和头孢曲松表现出产ESBL的表型模式。通过逆转录聚合酶链反应研究β-内酰胺酶TEM基因和1基因的基因型特征，结果显示17/18（94.4%）的分离株这两个基因均为阳性。胚胎致死试验表明所研究的18株[具体菌名6]分离株被认为是主要病原体。
结果显示，18/18（100%）的[具体菌名6]分离株对三种或更多抗生素组表现出MDR，9/18（50%）的分离株对来自七个抗生素组的九种受试化疗药物表现出广泛耐药。建议以“同一健康”方法监测家禽生产中MDR和产ESBL病原体的传播，作为减轻对公共卫生造成风险的预防措施。
