Department of Veterinary Pharmacology & Toxicology, West Bengal University of Animal & Fishery Sciences, 37 Khudiram Bose Sarani, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700037, India.
Department of Veterinary Microbiology, West Bengal University of Animal & Fishery Sciences, 37 Khudiram Bose Sarani, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700037, India.
BMC Complement Altern Med. 2019 Sep 18;19(1):261. doi: 10.1186/s12906-019-2676-4.
Our previous study exhibited free radicals scavenging and antioxidant activities of ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Tamarindus indica L. leaves in chronic sodium fluoride poisoning in rats. Tamarindus indica L. seed extract was also reported to have anti-arthritic efficacy by inhibiting cartilage and bone degrading factors. Therefore, an attempt was made to evaluate the effects of ethanolic extract of Tamarindus indica L. leaves in septic arthritis.
The safety study was performed by oral dosing of ethanolic extract of the plant leaves at 2 g kg for consecutive 28 days in rabbits. Septic arthritis was induced in rabbits by single intra-articular inoculation of 10 c.f.u. of Staphylococcus aureus to the left stifle joint and was monitored by bacterial colony count, some relevant biochemical parameters and histopathological interpretation of the affected joint. For efficacy evaluation in septic arthritis, linezolid at 75 mg kg twice daily for 10 days and the ethanolic extract of Tamarindus indica L. at 500 and 1000 mg kg for consecutive 14 days were administered orally to the rabbits after 48 h of induction of arthritis.
In sub-acute toxicity study of Tamarindus indica L. leaves ethanolic extract, no significant change between days was found for aspertate aminotransferase, alanine transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, blood urea nitrogen and creatinine compared to day 0 values of the same group. The bacterial colony count of synovial fluid following Staphylococcus aureus inoculation to left stifle joint was found to be 1.08 ± 0.47 and 1.19 ± 0.29 c.f.u. mL in ethanolic extract low dose and high dose groups respectively, on day 2 which was reduced to 0.057 ± 0.036 c.f.u. mL and nil on day 16. The test extract was also found to markedly reduce simultaneous glucose difference, total protein ratio of serum and synovial fluid, joint radius and joint narrowing.
Ethanolic extract of Tamarindus indica L. leaves at 500 mg kg and 1000 mg kg produced anti-arthritic effects against S. aureus induced septic arthritis in rabbits. However, the ethanolic extract at 1000 mg kg orally for consecutive 14 days showed better effects in septic arthritis.
我们之前的研究表明，罗望子叶的乙醇和水提取物具有清除自由基和抗氧化活性，可以缓解大鼠慢性氟酸钠中毒。罗望子种子提取物也被报道具有抗关节炎功效，能抑制软骨和骨降解因子。因此，我们尝试评估罗望子叶乙醇提取物对脓毒性关节炎的影响。
通过给家兔口服该植物叶的乙醇提取物，剂量为 2 g/kg，连续 28 天，进行安全性研究。通过向左侧膝关节单次关节内接种 10 c.f.u.金黄色葡萄球菌，诱导家兔脓毒性关节炎，并通过细菌菌落计数、一些相关生化参数和受影响关节的组织病理学解释进行监测。为了评估脓毒性关节炎的疗效，在关节炎诱导后 48 小时，给家兔口服利奈唑胺 75mg/kg，每日两次，连续 10 天；口服罗望子叶乙醇提取物 500 和 1000mg/kg，连续 14 天。
在罗望子叶乙醇提取物的亚急性毒性研究中，与同一组第 0 天相比，天冬氨酸氨基转移酶、丙氨酸转氨酶、碱性磷酸酶、血尿素氮和肌酐在第 2 天和第 16 天没有明显变化。金黄色葡萄球菌接种到左膝关节后，关节滑液中的细菌菌落计数分别为低剂量和高剂量组的 1.08±0.47 和 1.19±0.29 c.f.u.mL，第 2 天降至 0.057±0.036 c.f.u.mL，第 16 天降至零。试验提取物还明显降低了同时的葡萄糖差、血清和滑液总蛋白比、关节半径和关节狭窄。
罗望子叶乙醇提取物 500mg/kg 和 1000mg/kg 对金黄色葡萄球菌诱导的兔脓毒性关节炎具有抗关节炎作用。然而，连续 14 天口服罗望子叶乙醇提取物 1000mg/kg 效果更好。
