Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
Department of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2019 Dec;149:110570. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.110570. Epub 2019 Sep 8.
Microbial safety of recreational waters is a significant public health issue. In this study we assessed the occurrence and quantity of enteric viruses in bathing and non-bathing waters in Italy, in parallel with microbial faecal indicators, somatic coliphages and Vibrio spp. Enteric viruses (aichivirus, norovirus and enterovirus) were detected in 55% of bathing water samples, including samples with bacterial indicator concentrations compliant with the European bathing water Directive. Aichivirus was the most frequent and abundant virus. Adenovirus was detected only in non-bathing waters. Somatic coliphages were identified in 50% bathing water samples, 80% of which showed simultaneous presence of viruses. Vibrio species were ubiquitous, with 9 species identified, including potential pathogens (V. cholerae, V. parahaemoylticus and V. vulnificus). This is the first study showing the occurrence and high concentration of Aichivirus in bathing waters and provides original information, useful in view of a future revision of the European Directive.
游乐水域的微生物安全是一个重大的公共卫生问题。在这项研究中，我们评估了意大利洗浴和非洗浴水中肠病毒的出现和数量，同时还评估了微生物粪便指标、体细胞噬菌体和弧菌属。在 55%的洗浴水样中检测到肠病毒（细小病毒、诺如病毒和肠道病毒），包括细菌指标浓度符合欧洲洗浴水指令的水样。细小病毒是最常见和最丰富的病毒。腺病毒仅在非洗浴水中检测到。在 50%的洗浴水样中检测到体细胞噬菌体，其中 80%同时存在病毒。弧菌属无处不在，共鉴定出 9 个种，包括潜在病原体（霍乱弧菌、副溶血弧菌和创伤弧菌）。这是第一项表明细小病毒在洗浴水中存在和高浓度的研究，提供了有用的信息，为未来修订欧洲指令提供了依据。
