Fuchshuber Jürgen, Hiebler-Ragger Michaela, Kresse Adelheid, Kapfhammer Hans-Peter, Unterrainer Human Friedrich
Center for Integrative Addiction Research (CIAR), Grüner Kreis Society, Vienna, Austria.
University Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
Front Psychiatry. 2019 Aug 30;10:610. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00610. eCollection 2019.
Research involving animal models has repeatedly proposed dysregulations in subcortically rooted affective systems as a crucial etiological factor in the development of a variety of psychiatric disorders. However, empirical studies with human participants testing these hypotheses have been sparse. Associations between primary emotions systems and different psychiatric symptoms were investigated in order to gain insights into the influence of evolutionary-rooted primary emotions on psychopathology. The community sample included 616 adults (61.9% female). 243 reported a psychiatric lifetime diagnosis. By applying path analysis, we estimated paths between SEEKING, ANGER, FEAR, SADNESS, CARE, and PLAY (Affective Neuroscience Personality Scales; ANPS) and symptoms of substance abuse (Alcohol, Smoking, and Substance Involvement Screening Test; ASSIST) as well as depression, anxiety, and somatization (Brief Symptom Inventory; BSI-18). To examine the moderator effects of gender and psychiatric lifetime diagnosis, multigroup analysis was applied. Substance abuse was associated with male sex (β = -.25), SADNESS (β = .25), and ANGER (β = .10). Depression was associated with SADNESS (β = .53), FEAR (β = .10), SEEKING (β = -.10), and PLAY (β = -.15). Anxiety was linked to SADNESS (β = .33), FEAR (β = .21) and PLAY (β = -.10). Somatization was associated with SADNESS (β = .26) and PLAY (β = -.12; all < .001). Multigroup analysis revealed no differences in paths between tested groups (all > .01). The model explained 14% of the variance of substance abuse, 52% of depression, 32% of anxiety, and 14% of somatization. The results further our understanding of the differential role of primary emotions in the development of psychopathology. In this, the general assumption that primary emotion functioning might be a valuable target in mental health care is underlined.
涉及动物模型的研究反复表明，皮层下根源性情感系统的失调是多种精神疾病发展的关键病因。然而，针对这些假设进行测试的人类受试者实证研究却很稀少。为了深入了解进化根源性基本情绪对精神病理学的影响，我们研究了基本情绪系统与不同精神症状之间的关联。社区样本包括616名成年人（61.9%为女性）。243人报告有终生精神疾病诊断。通过应用路径分析，我们估计了寻求、愤怒、恐惧、悲伤、关爱和玩耍（情感神经科学人格量表；ANPS）与物质滥用症状（酒精、吸烟和物质使用筛查测试；ASSIST）以及抑郁、焦虑和躯体化症状（简明症状量表；BSI-18）之间的路径。为了检验性别和终生精神疾病诊断的调节作用，我们应用了多组分析。物质滥用与男性（β = -0.25）、悲伤（β = 0.25）和愤怒（β = 0.10）相关。抑郁与悲伤（β = 0.53）、恐惧（β = 0.10）、寻求（β = -0.10）和玩耍（β = -0.15）相关。焦虑与悲伤（β = 0.33）、恐惧（β = 0.21）和玩耍（β = -0.10）相关。躯体化与悲伤（β = 0.26）和玩耍（β = -0.12；均P < 0.001）相关。多组分析显示，测试组之间的路径没有差异（均P > 0.01）。该模型解释了物质滥用变异的14%、抑郁变异的52%、焦虑变异的32%和躯体化变异的14%。这些结果进一步加深了我们对基本情绪在精神病理学发展中不同作用的理解。由此强调了基本情绪功能可能是心理保健中有价值靶点的一般假设。
