Thuan Nguyen Huy, An Tran Tuan, Shrestha Anil, Canh Nguyen Xuan, Sohng Jae Kyung, Dhakal Dipesh
Center for Molecular Biology, Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Danang, Vietnam.
Department of Life Science and Biochemical Engineering, Sun Moon University, Chungnam, South Korea.
Front Chem. 2019 Sep 3;7:604. doi: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00604. eCollection 2019.
, are only Gram-negative bacteria with the capacity of oxygenic photosynthesis, so termed as "Cyanophyta" or "blue-green algae." Their habitat is ubiquitous, which includes the diverse environments, such as soil, water, rock and other organisms (symbiosis, commensalism, or parasitism, etc.,). They are characterized as prominent producers of numerous types of important compounds with anti-microbial, anti-viral, anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor properties. Among the various cyanobacterial genera, members belonging to genera , and possess greater attention. The major reason for that is the strains belonging to these genera produce the compounds with diverse activities/structures, including compounds in preclinical and/or clinical trials (cryptophycin and curacin), or the compounds retaining unique activities such as protease inhibitor (micropeptins and aeruginosins). Most of these compounds were tested for their efficacy and mechanism of action(MOA) through and/or studies. Recently, the advances in culture techniques of these cyanobacteria, and isolation, purification, and chromatographic analysis of their compounds have revealed insurmountable novel bioactive compounds from these cyanobacteria. This review provides comprehensive update on the origin, isolation and purification methods, chemical structures and biological activities of the major compounds from , and . In addition, multi-omics approaches and biotechnological production of compounds from selected cyanobacterial genera have been discussed.
是唯一具有产氧光合作用能力的革兰氏阴性细菌，因此被称为“蓝藻门”或“蓝绿藻”。它们的栖息地无处不在，包括土壤、水、岩石和其他生物体等各种环境（共生、共栖或寄生等）。它们的特点是能大量产生多种具有抗菌、抗病毒、抗炎和抗肿瘤特性的重要化合物。在各种蓝藻属中，属于 、 和 属的成员受到更多关注。主要原因是属于这些属的菌株产生具有多种活性/结构的化合物，包括处于临床前和/或临床试验阶段的化合物（隐藻素和curacin），或具有独特活性的化合物，如蛋白酶抑制剂（微肽和铜绿菌素）。这些化合物大多通过 研究和/或 研究对其功效和作用机制进行了测试。最近，这些蓝藻培养技术的进步以及其化合物的分离、纯化和色谱分析揭示了来自这些蓝藻的难以计数的新型生物活性化合物。本综述全面更新了来自 、 和 的主要化合物的起源、分离纯化方法、化学结构和生物活性。此外，还讨论了多组学方法以及从选定蓝藻属中生物技术生产化合物的情况。
