Verma Shaloo, Thapa Shobit, Siddiqui Nahid, Chakdar Hillol
ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms (NBAIM), Kushmaur, Mau, Uttar Pradesh, 275103, India.
Amity Institute of Biotechnology (AIB), Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201313, India.
World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2022 Apr 29;38(6):100. doi: 10.1007/s11274-022-03285-6.
Cyanobacteria are ubiquitous photosynthetic prokaryotes responsible for the oxygenation of the earth's reducing atmosphere. Apart from oxygen they are producers of a myriad of bioactive metabolites with diverse complex chemical structures and robust biological activities. These secondary metabolites are known to have a variety of medicinal and therapeutic applications ranging from anti-microbial, anti-viral, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and immunomodulating properties. The present review discusses various aspects of secondary metabolites viz. biosynthesis, types and applications, which highlights the repertoire of bioactive constituents they harbor. Majority of these products have been produced from only a handful of genera. Moreover, with the onset of various OMICS approaches, cyanobacteria have become an attractive chassis for improved secondary metabolites production. Also the intervention of synthetic biology tools such as gene editing technologies and a variety of metabolomics and fluxomics approaches, used for engineering cyanobacteria, have significantly enhanced the production of secondary metabolites.
蓝藻是无处不在的光合原核生物，它们使地球原本具有还原性的大气氧化。除了氧气，它们还能产生无数具有多样复杂化学结构和强大生物活性的生物活性代谢物。已知这些次生代谢物具有多种医学和治疗应用，包括抗菌、抗病毒、抗炎、抗癌和免疫调节特性。本综述讨论了次生代谢物的各个方面，即生物合成、类型和应用，突出了它们所含生物活性成分的种类。这些产物中的大多数仅由少数几个属产生。此外，随着各种组学方法的出现，蓝藻已成为用于提高次生代谢物产量的有吸引力的底盘。同样，用于蓝藻工程的合成生物学工具如基因编辑技术以及各种代谢组学和通量组学方法的介入，显著提高了次生代谢物的产量。
