Ugur Muhammet Rasit, Saber Abdelrahman Amal, Evans Holly C, Gilmore Alicia A, Hitit Mustafa, Arifiantini Raden Iis, Purwantara Bambang, Kaya Abdullah, Memili Erdogan
Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS, United States.
Department of Clinic, Reproduction and Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Indonesia.
Front Vet Sci. 2019 Aug 27;6:268. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2019.00268. eCollection 2019.
Cryopreservation of semen and artificial insemination have an important, positive impact on cattle production, and product quality. Through the use of cryopreserved semen and artificial insemination, sperm from the best breeding bulls can be used to inseminate thousands of cows around the world. Although cryopreservation of bull sperm has advanced beyond that of other species, there are still major gaps in the knowledge and technology bases. Post-thaw viability of sperm is still low and differs significantly among the breeding bulls. These weaknesses are important because they are preventing advances both in fundamental science of mammalian gametes and reproductive biotechnology. Various extenders have been developed and supplemented with chemicals to reduce cryodamage or oxidative stress with varying levels of success. More detailed insights on sperm morphology and function have been uncovered through application of advanced tools in modern molecular and cell biology. This article provides a concise review of progress in the cryopreservation of bull sperm, advances in extender development, and frontiers using diverse techniques of the study of sperm viability. This scientific resource is important in animal biotechnology because with the advances in discovery of sperm fertility markers, there is an urgent need to improve post-thaw viability and fertility of sperm through enhanced cryopreservation for precision agriculture to produce food animals to ensure food security on the global scale.
精液冷冻保存和人工授精对养牛业的生产及产品质量有着重要的积极影响。通过使用冷冻保存的精液和人工授精技术，最优秀种公牛的精子可用于使全球数千头母牛受孕。尽管公牛精子的冷冻保存技术已比其他物种更为先进，但在知识和技术基础方面仍存在重大差距。精子解冻后的活力仍然很低，而且不同种公牛之间差异显著。这些弱点很重要，因为它们阻碍了哺乳动物配子基础科学和生殖生物技术的发展。人们已研发出各种稀释液，并添加了化学物质以减少冷冻损伤或氧化应激，且取得了不同程度的成功。通过在现代分子和细胞生物学中应用先进工具，人们对精子形态和功能有了更深入的了解。本文简要综述了公牛精子冷冻保存的进展、稀释液研发的进展以及利用多种技术研究精子活力的前沿情况。这一科学资源在动物生物技术领域很重要，因为随着精子受精标记物的发现取得进展，迫切需要通过改进冷冻保存技术来提高精子解冻后的活力和受精能力，以实现精准农业，生产食用动物，确保全球粮食安全。
