Department of Biosciences, Durham University, Stockton Road, Durham, Durham DH1 3LE, UK.
Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, The Gambia.
J R Soc Interface. 2023 Apr;20(201):20220794. doi: 10.1098/rsif.2022.0794. Epub 2023 Apr 5.
Rural houses in sub-Saharan Africa are typically hot and allow malaria mosquitoes inside. We assessed whether passive or active ventilation can reduce house entry of malaria mosquitoes and cool a bedroom at night in rural Gambia. Two identical experimental houses were used: one ventilated and one unventilated (control). We evaluated the impact of (i) passive ventilation (solar chimney) and (ii) active ventilation (ceiling fan) on the number of mosquitoes collected indoors and environmental parameters (temperature, humidity, CO, evaporation). Although the solar chimney did not reduce entry of , the ceiling fan reduced house entry by 91% compared with the control house. There were no differences in indoor nightly temperature, humidity or CO between intervention and control houses in either experiment. The solar chimney did not improve human comfort assessed using psychrometric analysis. While the ceiling fan improved human comfort pre-midnight, in the morning it was too cool compared with the control house, although this could be remedied through provision of blankets. Further improvements to the design of the solar chimney are needed. High air velocity in the ceiling fan house probably reduced mosquito house entry by preventing mosquito flight. Improved ventilation in houses may reduce malaria transmission.
撒哈拉以南非洲的农村房屋通常很热，并且允许疟疾蚊子进入。我们评估了被动或主动通风是否可以减少疟疾病媒蚊进入房屋并在夜间冷却卧室，在冈比亚农村进行了两项相同的实验：一个通风的和一个不通风的（对照）。我们评估了（i）被动通风（太阳能烟囱）和（ii）主动通风（吊扇）对室内收集的蚊子数量和环境参数（温度、湿度、CO、蒸发）的影响。尽管太阳能烟囱没有减少蚊子的进入，但吊扇与对照房屋相比，将房屋内的蚊子进入量减少了 91%。在这两项实验中，干预组和对照组之间的室内夜间温度、湿度或 CO 没有差异。使用湿度测定分析评估人类舒适度时，太阳能烟囱没有改善舒适度。虽然吊扇在午夜前改善了舒适度，但与对照组相比，早上的温度过低，尽管可以通过提供毯子来解决这一问题。太阳能烟囱的设计还需要进一步改进。吊扇房中较高的空气速度可能通过防止蚊子飞行来减少蚊子进入房屋。改善房屋通风可能会减少疟疾传播。
