Claudel Sophie E, Shiroma Eric J, Harris Tamara B, Mode Nicolle A, Ahuja Chaarushi, Zonderman Alan B, Evans Michele K, Powell-Wiley Tiffany M
Social Determinants of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Laboratory, National Heart, Blood, Lung Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.
Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Science, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.
Front Public Health. 2019 Sep 13;7:256. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2019.00256. eCollection 2019.
Little is known about the role of perceived neighborhood environment as a determinant of physical activity (PA) and sedentary time (ST) in understanding obesity-related health behaviors. We focus on a biracial, socioeconomically diverse population using objectively measured ST, which is under-represented in the literature. We examined the association between self-reported neighborhood perception (Likert-scale questions), PA using the Baecke questionnaire, and both non-sedentary time and ST using accelerometry from wave 4 of the Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity across the Life Span (HANDLS) study ( = 2,167). After applying exclusion criteria, the sample size was = 1,359 for analyses of self-reported PA and = 404 for analyses of accelerometry data. Factor analysis identified key neighborhood characteristics to develop a total neighborhood perception score (NPS). Higher NPS indicated less favorable neighborhood perception. Linear regression was used to determine the relationship between NPS, PA, non-sedentary time, and ST. Complete data were available for = 1,359 [age 56.6(9.0) years, 59.5% female, 62.2% African American] for whom we identified four neighborhood perception factors: (1) concern about crime, (2) physical environment, (3) location of violent crime, and (4) social environment. Worsening perception of the overall neighborhood [β = -0.13 (SE = 0.03); = 0.001], the physical environment [-0.11 (0.05); = 0.03], and the social environment [-0.46 (0.07); < 0.0001] were associated with decreased PA. Worsening perception of the overall neighborhood [1.14 (0.49); = 0.02] and neighborhood social environment [3.59 (1.18); = 0.003] were associated with increased ST over the day. There were no interactions for race, sex, poverty status, or economic index. Poor overall neighborhood perception, perceived social environment, and perceived neighborhood physical environment are associated with PA and ST in a multi-racial, socioeconomically diverse cohort of urban adults. The HANDLS study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT01323322.
在理解与肥胖相关的健康行为方面，关于感知邻里环境作为身体活动（PA）和久坐时间（ST）的决定因素所起的作用，人们了解甚少。我们聚焦于一个双种族、社会经济背景多样的人群，使用客观测量的久坐时间，而这在文献中研究较少。我们考察了自我报告的邻里感知（李克特量表问题）、使用贝克问卷测量的身体活动，以及使用来自“终身多族裔邻里健康老龄化研究”（HANDLS）第4波的加速度计测量的非久坐时间和久坐时间之间的关联（n = 2167）。应用排除标准后，自我报告身体活动分析的样本量为n = 1359，加速度计数据分析的样本量为n = 404。因子分析确定了关键的邻里特征，以得出总的邻里感知得分（NPS）。较高的NPS表明对邻里的感知较差。使用线性回归来确定NPS、身体活动、非久坐时间和久坐时间之间的关系。对于n = 1359名[年龄56.6（9.0）岁，59.5%为女性，62.2%为非裔美国人]有完整数据的人群，我们确定了四个邻里感知因素：（1）对犯罪的担忧，（2）物理环境，（3）暴力犯罪地点，以及（4）社会环境。对整个邻里的感知变差[β = -0.13（标准误 = 0.03）；p = 0.001]、物理环境变差[-0.11（0.05）；p = 0.03]以及社会环境变差[-0.46（0.07）；p < 0.0001]与身体活动减少相关。对整个邻里的感知变差[1.14（0.49）；p = 0.02]以及邻里社会环境变差[3.59（1.18）；p = 0.003]与全天久坐时间增加相关。在种族、性别、贫困状况或经济指数方面没有交互作用。在一个多种族、社会经济背景多样的城市成年人队列中，对整个邻里的不良感知、感知到的社会环境和感知到的邻里物理环境与身体活动和久坐时间相关。HANDLS研究在ClinicalTrials.gov上注册，注册号为NCT01323322。
