Department of Teaching of Musical, Visual and Corporal Expression, University of Valencia, Avda. dels Tarongers, 4, 46022, Valencia, Spain; AFIPS Research Group, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
AFIPS Research Group, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Department of Nursing, University of Valencia, Jaume Roig, s/n, 46010, Valencia, Spain.
Prev Med. 2017 Dec;105:88-94. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.08.026. Epub 2017 Aug 31.
The study aim was to examine associations of neighborhood built environment and neighborhood socio-economic status (SES) with multiple physical activity (PA) behaviors, sedentary time, and obesity indicators among adolescents. Cross-sectional study of 325 adolescents aged 14-18years recruited from schools in Valencia, Spain. Participants' home neighborhoods were classified according to walkability and SES levels. Walkability was defined as an index of three built environment characteristics (i.e., residential density, land use mix, and street connectivity) based on geographic information system data. Moderate-vigorous PA (MVPA) and sedentary time were assessed using accelerometers. Active commuting to school, leisure-time PA, and time in specific sedentary activities were evaluated by questionnaire. Objectively measured weight and height were used to calculate body mass index, and percent body fat was analyzed by bioelectrical impedance. Data were collected in 2013-15. Mixed model regression analyses were performed. Analyses showed an SES-by-walkability interaction for MVPA on weekends. MVPA was highest in high-SES/high-walkable neighborhoods. Another SES-by-walkability interaction was found for sedentary minutes per weekend day. The lowest average sedentary minutes were found in high-SES/high-walkable areas. Neighborhood SES was positively related to participation in sports teams/PA classes and, negatively to time spent in sedentary behaviors. Adolescents living in lower-SES neighborhoods spent more time watching TV and had more obesity and body fat. Present findings strengthen the rationale for targeting neighborhood built and SES environments as health promotion interventions for adolescents.
本研究旨在探讨邻里建成环境和邻里社会经济地位（SES）与青少年多种身体活动（PA）行为、久坐时间和肥胖指标之间的关联。这是一项横断面研究，共招募了 325 名年龄在 14-18 岁的青少年，他们来自西班牙巴伦西亚的学校。参与者的家庭社区根据可步行性和 SES 水平进行分类。可步行性是根据地理信息系统数据定义的三个建成环境特征（即居住密度、土地利用混合和街道连通性）的指数。使用加速度计评估中度至剧烈体力活动（MVPA）和久坐时间。通过问卷评估上学的主动通勤、休闲时间的 PA 以及特定久坐活动的时间。通过客观测量体重和身高计算体重指数，并通过生物电阻抗分析体脂百分比。数据收集于 2013-15 年。进行了混合模型回归分析。分析显示，周末 MVPA 存在 SES-可步行性交互作用。高 SES/高可步行性社区的 MVPA 最高。另一个 SES-可步行性交互作用出现在周末每天久坐时间上。在高 SES/高可步行性地区，平均久坐时间最短。邻里 SES 与参加运动队/PA 课程呈正相关，与久坐行为时间呈负相关。居住在 SES 较低社区的青少年花更多的时间看电视，肥胖和体脂也更多。目前的研究结果为将邻里建成环境和 SES 作为青少年健康促进干预措施的理由提供了支持。
