Kochan Joanna, Niżański Wojciech, Moreira Nei, Cubas Zalmir Silvino, Nowak Agnieszka, Prochowska Sylwia, Partyka Agnieszka, Młodawska Wiesława, Skotnicki Józef
Institute of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture in Kraków, 30-059 Kraków, Poland.
Department of Reproduction and Clinic of Farm Animals, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-366 Wrocław, Poland.
J Vet Res. 2019 Sep 13;63(3):457-464. doi: 10.2478/jvetres-2019-0043. eCollection 2019 Sep.
With the exception of the domestic cat, all felid species () are currently threatened with extinction in their natural habitat. To develop effective and optimal wild cat conservation programmes with assisted reproductive technology (ART) it is necessary to combine advances from different disciplines of science, starting from the biology of the species, through research into the population and habitat, assisted reproductive technologies, establishment of gene banks, developing bioinformatic systems, and ending with biodiversity and endangered species management. In the last few years knowledge of felid reproduction has expanded considerably thanks to comparative studies utilising the domestic cat as a research model for endangered wild cats. Basic reproductive techniques utilised in both domestic cat breeding and rescuing wild felid populations that are threatened with extinction include semen collection and cryopreservation, artificial insemination, oocyte collection, maturation, fertilisation, somatic cloning, and embryo transfer. The main directions in which assisted reproductive technologies are being developed in wild cat conservation implementations and the contribution of Polish research centres in advancing these methods are presented.
除家猫外，所有猫科动物目前在其自然栖息地都面临灭绝威胁。要利用辅助生殖技术（ART）制定有效且优化的野猫保护计划，有必要整合不同科学学科的进展，从物种生物学开始，经过对种群和栖息地的研究、辅助生殖技术、基因库的建立、生物信息系统的开发，最后以生物多样性和濒危物种管理为终点。在过去几年中，由于利用家猫作为濒危野猫的研究模型进行比较研究，猫科动物繁殖知识有了大幅扩展。用于家猫育种和拯救濒危野猫种群的基本生殖技术包括精液采集与冷冻保存、人工授精、卵母细胞采集、成熟、受精、体细胞克隆以及胚胎移植。本文介绍了在野猫保护实施中辅助生殖技术的主要发展方向以及波兰研究中心在推进这些方法方面所做的贡献。
