Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80178, 3508 TD Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Oct 4;16(19):3736. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16193736.
Little research has been conducted in Europe regarding indoor exposure to airborne rodent allergens. The aims of this study were to gain insight into the prevalence of rodent allergens in airborne dust in Dutch households, to assess whether there is a relationship between rodent sightings and detectable allergens, and to identify risk factors associated with the presence of rodent allergens. Airborne dust was collected from the living rooms of 80 households distributed around central Netherlands by passive sampling using electrostatic dust collectors (EDCs). Samples were analysed for mouse (Mus m 1) and rat (Rat n 1) allergens. Participants completed a questionnaire on household and building characteristics, household pets, cleaning habits and ventilation. Mouse allergen was more prevalent than rat allergen and mouse sightings within the past year more than doubled the odds of detectable mouse allergen. Proximity to green areas, ventilation through an open window and insulation under the living room floor were determinants for detectable mouse allergen. Conversely, proximity to surface water was protective. No significant association was found between asthma and detectable mouse allergen. The passive EDC sampling method was used successfully to detect mouse and rat allergens in homes. The presence of mouse allergen was associated with previous mouse sightings. Risk factors and protective factors associated with the presence and levels of mouse allergen were identified.
欧洲在室内空气中的啮齿动物过敏原暴露方面的研究较少。本研究旨在深入了解荷兰家庭空气中灰尘中啮齿动物过敏原的流行情况，评估是否存在啮齿动物目击与可检测过敏原之间的关系，并确定与啮齿动物过敏原存在相关的危险因素。通过使用静电集尘器（EDC）被动采样，从分布在荷兰中部的 80 户家庭的客厅中采集了空气尘埃。对样本进行了分析，以检测鼠（Mus m 1）和大鼠（Rat n 1）过敏原。参与者完成了一份关于家庭和建筑特征、家庭宠物、清洁习惯和通风的问卷。结果表明，室内空气中的鼠过敏原比大鼠过敏原更为普遍，而过去一年中老鼠的目击次数使可检测到的鼠过敏原的几率增加了一倍。靠近绿地、通过打开的窗户通风以及客厅地板下的隔热是可检测到的鼠过敏原的决定因素。相反，靠近地表水则具有保护作用。哮喘与可检测的鼠过敏原之间未发现显著相关性。该研究采用被动 EDC 采样方法成功地检测了家庭中的鼠和大鼠过敏原。室内空气中存在鼠过敏原与先前的鼠目击有关。研究还确定了与鼠过敏原存在和水平相关的危险因素和保护因素。
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