Berg Jill, McConnell Rob, Milam Joel, Galvan Judith, Kotlerman Jenny, Thorne Peter, Jones Craig, Ferdman Ronald, Eggleston Peyton, Rand Cynthia, Lewis Mary Ann, Peters John, Richardson Jean
School of Nursing at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
J Urban Health. 2008 Jan;85(1):52-61. doi: 10.1007/s11524-007-9232-0. Epub 2007 Nov 15.
Recent studies have examined the presence of mouse allergen in inner city children with asthma. Researchers have found high levels of rodent allergen in homes sampled in the northeast and midwest United States, but there has been considerable variation between cities, and there have been few studies conducted in western states. We evaluated the frequency of rodent sightings and detectable mouse allergen and the housing conditions associated with these outcomes in inner city homes in Los Angeles. Two hundred and two families of school children, ages 6-16 living in inner city neighborhoods, participated in the study. Families were predominantly Latino (94%), and Spanish speaking (92%). At study entry, parents completed a home assessment questionnaire, and staff conducted a home evaluation and collected kitchen dust, which was analyzed for the presence of mouse allergen. Fifty-one percent of homes had detectable allergen in kitchen dust. All 33 families who reported the presence of rodents had detectable allergen in the home and were also more likely to have increased levels of allergen compared to those who did not report rodents. Unwashed dishes or food crumbs, lack of a working vacuum, and a caretaker report of a smoker in the home were all significantly associated with a greater risk of rodent sightings or detectable allergen (P<0.05). Detached homes were significantly more likely to have detectable allergen. The prevalence of allergen is common enough that it may have public health implications for asthmatic children, and detectable allergen was not routinely identified based on rodent sightings. Many of the predictors of rodent allergen are amenable to low-cost interventions that can be integrated with other measures to reduce exposure to indoor allergens.
最近的研究调查了美国城市中心患有哮喘的儿童体内小鼠过敏原的情况。研究人员在美国东北部和中西部抽样的家庭中发现了高浓度的啮齿动物过敏原，但不同城市之间存在很大差异，而且美国西部各州开展的相关研究很少。我们评估了洛杉矶市中心家庭中啮齿动物出没的频率、可检测到的小鼠过敏原以及与这些结果相关的住房条件。202个居住在市中心社区、年龄在6至16岁的学童家庭参与了这项研究。这些家庭主要是拉丁裔（94%），说西班牙语（92%）。在研究开始时，家长们填写了一份家庭评估问卷，工作人员进行了家庭评估并收集了厨房灰尘，对其进行分析以检测是否存在小鼠过敏原。51%的家庭厨房灰尘中可检测到过敏原。所有报告有啮齿动物的33个家庭家中都可检测到过敏原，而且与未报告有啮齿动物的家庭相比，其过敏原水平也更有可能升高。未清洗的餐具或食物残渣、没有可用的吸尘器以及家中有照顾者报告有吸烟者，这些都与啮齿动物出没或可检测到过敏原的风险显著增加相关（P<0.05）。独立式住宅更有可能检测到过敏原。过敏原的普遍程度足以对哮喘儿童产生公共卫生影响，而且不能仅根据啮齿动物出没情况来常规识别可检测到的过敏原。许多啮齿动物过敏原的预测因素都适合采用低成本干预措施，这些措施可与其他减少接触室内过敏原的措施相结合。
