Omidi Negar, Khorgami Mohammadrafie, Tajrishi Farbod Z, Seyedhoseinpour Amirhosein, Pasbakhsh Parichehr
Cardiac Primary Prevention Research Center, Tehran Heart Center and Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Rajaie Heart Center and Department of Pediatric Cardiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Curr Cardiol Rev. 2020;16(2):103-116. doi: 10.2174/1573403X15666191008111238.
The association between thyroid disease and cardiovascular manifestations is significant and undeniable. Previous studies have explained several aspects of the effects of thyroid hormone on the heart and cardiovascular system. Accordingly, both hyper and hypothyroidism can cause important alterations in cardiac rhythm, output and contractility as well as vascular resistance and blood pressure. Since treating the thyroid abnormality, especially in its initial stages, could lead to a significant improvement in most of its resultant cardiovascular disturbances, early suspicion and recognition of thyroid dysfunction, is necessary in patients with cardiovascular manifestations. In this in-depth review, we discuss the physiological roles as well as the effects of abnormal levels of thyroid hormones on the cardiovascular system. We also review the effects of the medications used for the treatment of hyper and hypothyroidism on cardiac function. In the end, we discuss the association between thyroid function and amiodarone, an effective and frequently-used antiarrhythmic drug, because of its well-known effects on the thyroid.
甲状腺疾病与心血管表现之间的关联显著且不可否认。以往的研究已经阐释了甲状腺激素对心脏和心血管系统影响的几个方面。因此，甲状腺功能亢进和减退均可导致心脏节律、输出量、收缩力以及血管阻力和血压出现重要改变。由于治疗甲状腺异常，尤其是在其早期阶段，可使大多数由此引发的心血管紊乱得到显著改善，所以对于有心血管表现的患者，早期怀疑并识别甲状腺功能障碍很有必要。在这篇深入综述中，我们讨论了甲状腺激素的生理作用以及甲状腺激素水平异常对心血管系统的影响。我们还综述了用于治疗甲状腺功能亢进和减退的药物对心脏功能的影响。最后，我们讨论甲状腺功能与胺碘酮（一种有效且常用的抗心律失常药物）之间的关联，因为胺碘酮对甲状腺有众所周知的影响。
