School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Australia.
Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Quality Use of Medicines Network, Australia.
Planta Med. 2019 Nov;85(16):1253-1262. doi: 10.1055/a-1013-0434. Epub 2019 Oct 9.
The development of multiple antibiotic-resistant bacteria has vastly depleted our repertoire of effective antibiotic chemotherapies. The development of multi--lactam-resistant strains are particularly concerning due to our previous reliance on this class of antibiotics because of their initial efficacy and broad-spectrum activity. With increases in extended-spectrum -lactam-resistance and an expanded resistance to other classes of antibiotics, there is an urgent need for the development of effective new antibiotic therapies. is an endemic Australian plant known for its high antioxidant and tannin contents. fruit and leaf extracts have strong antibacterial activity against a wide variety of bacterial pathogens. However, extracts have not been tested against ESBL and MRSA antibiotic-resistant pathogens. An objective of this study was to screen fruit and leaf extracts for bacterial growth inhibitory activity by disc diffusion assay against -lactam-sensitive and -resistant strains and against methicillin-sensitive and -resistant . The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was quantified by liquid dilution techniques. The fruit methanolic extract, as well as the methanolic, aqueous, and ethyl acetate leaf extracts strongly inhibited the growth of the MRSA, with MICs as low as 223 µg/mL. In contrast, the extracts were ineffective inhibitors of ESBL growth. Metabolomic fingerprint analysis identified a diversity and relative abundance of tannins, flavonoids, and terpenoids, several of which have been reported to inhibit MRSA growth in isolation. All extracts were nontoxic in the nauplii and HDF toxicity assays, further indicating their potential for medicinal use.
多种抗生素耐药菌的发展大大减少了我们有效的抗生素化疗药物库。由于我们以前依赖于这类抗生素，因为它们最初的疗效和广谱活性，因此多-内酰胺耐药株的发展尤其令人担忧。随着广谱-内酰胺耐药性的增加和对其他类抗生素的耐药性的扩大，迫切需要开发有效的新型抗生素治疗方法。是一种澳大利亚特有的植物，以其高抗氧化剂和单宁含量而闻名。 水果和叶提取物对多种细菌病原体具有很强的抗菌活性。然而，尚未对 ESBL 和耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）抗生素耐药病原体进行 提取物测试。本研究的目的之一是通过圆盘扩散法筛选水果和叶提取物对 -内酰胺敏感和 -耐药 株以及对甲氧西林敏感和 -耐药 的细菌生长抑制活性。通过液体稀释技术定量最小抑菌浓度（MIC）。水果甲醇提取物以及甲醇、水和乙酸乙酯叶提取物强烈抑制了 MRSA 的生长，其 MIC 低至 223 µg/mL。相比之下，提取物对 ESBL 生长没有抑制作用。代谢组指纹分析确定了多种单宁、类黄酮和萜类化合物的多样性和相对丰度，其中一些已被报道可单独抑制 MRSA 的生长。所有提取物在 水蚤和 HDF 毒性试验中均无毒性，进一步表明它们具有药用潜力。
