Ali Akhtar, Kiloni Sarah M, Cáceres-Vélez Paolin R, Jusuf Patricia R, Cottrell Jeremy J, Dunshea Frank R
School of Agriculture and Food, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
School of Biosciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
Foods. 2022 Dec 14;11(24):4038. doi: 10.3390/foods11244038.
Phytochemicals play a pivotal role in human health and drug discovery. The safety evaluation of plant extracts is a prerequisite to ensure that all phytochemicals are safe before translational development and human exposure. As phytochemicals are natural, they are generally considered safe, although this is not always true. The objective of this study was to investigate and compare the phytochemical composition, antioxidant potential, and safety evaluation of native Australian Muntries (Kunzea pomifera), Kakadu plum (Terminalia ferdinandiana), Davidson plum (Davidsonia) and Quandong peach (Santalum acuminatum) through the in vivo vertebrate zebrafish embryonic model. The highest total phenolic content (TPC; 793.89 ± 22.27 μg GAE/mg) was quantified in Kakadu plum, while the lowest TPC (614.44 ± 31.80 μg GAE/mg) was quantified in Muntries. Developmental alterations, mortality, and morbidity were assessed for toxicological screening of these selected native Australian fruit extracts. In this study, muntries were quantified as having the least LC50 value (169 mg/L) compared to Davidson plum (376 mg/L), Kakadu plum (>480 mg/L), and Quandong peach (>480 mg/L), which indicates that muntries extract was more toxic than other fruit extracts. Importantly, we found that adverse effects were not correlated to the total phenolic content and antioxidant potential of these native Australian fruits and cannot simply be predicted from the in vitro analysis. Conclusively, these selected native Australian fruit extracts are categorized as safe. This study could explore the use of these native Australian fruits in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and drug discovery.
植物化学物质在人类健康和药物发现中起着关键作用。植物提取物的安全性评估是确保所有植物化学物质在转化开发和人体接触之前安全的先决条件。由于植物化学物质是天然的，它们通常被认为是安全的，尽管情况并非总是如此。本研究的目的是通过体内脊椎动物斑马鱼胚胎模型，研究和比较澳大利亚本土的蒙塔里（Pomifera桉属）、卡卡杜李（费迪南德氏榄仁）、戴维森李（戴维森李属）和澳洲枸杞（尖叶檀香）的植物化学成分、抗氧化潜力和安全性评估。卡卡杜李中的总酚含量（TPC；793.89±22.27μg GAE/mg）最高，而蒙塔里中的TPC最低（614.44±31.80μg GAE/mg）。对这些选定的澳大利亚本土水果提取物进行毒理学筛查，评估其发育变化、死亡率和发病率。在本研究中，与戴维森李（376mg/L）、卡卡杜李（>480mg/L）和澳洲枸杞（>480mg/L）相比，蒙塔里的半数致死浓度（LC50）值最低（169mg/L），这表明蒙塔里提取物比其他水果提取物毒性更大。重要的是，我们发现不良反应与这些澳大利亚本土水果的总酚含量和抗氧化潜力无关，不能简单地从体外分析中预测。总之，这些选定的澳大利亚本土水果提取物被归类为安全。本研究可以探索这些澳大利亚本土水果在化妆品、制药和药物发现中的应用。
