School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
Trends Microbiol. 2020 Jan;28(1):46-56. doi: 10.1016/j.tim.2019.08.007. Epub 2019 Oct 6.
A growing number of studies indicate that host species-specific and virus strain-specific interactions of viral molecules with the host innate immune system play a pivotal role in determining virus host range and virulence. Because interacting proteins are likely constrained in their evolution, mutations that are selected to improve virus replication in one species may, by chance, alter the ability of a viral antagonist to inhibit immune responses in hosts the virus has not yet encountered. Based on recent findings of host-species interactions of poxvirus, herpesvirus, and influenza virus proteins, we propose a model for viral fitness and host range which considers the full interactome between a specific host species and a virus, resulting from the combination of all interactions, positive and negative, that influence whether a virus can productively infect a cell and cause disease in different hosts.
越来越多的研究表明，病毒分子与宿主固有免疫系统的宿主种特异性和病毒株特异性相互作用在决定病毒宿主范围和毒力方面起着关键作用。由于相互作用的蛋白质在进化中可能受到限制，因此选择来提高一种病毒在一种物种中的复制能力的突变，可能会偶然改变病毒拮抗剂抑制宿主尚未遇到的病毒的免疫反应的能力。基于痘病毒、疱疹病毒和流感病毒蛋白的宿主种间相互作用的最新发现，我们提出了一个病毒适应性和宿主范围的模型，该模型考虑了特定宿主物种与病毒之间的全互作组，这是由所有影响病毒是否能够在不同宿主中有效感染细胞并引起疾病的正、负相互作用的组合产生的。
