Cunradi Carol B, Lee Juliet, Pagano Anna, Caetano Raul, Alter Harrison J
Prevention Research Center, Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, Berkeley, CA, USA.
The Andrew Levitt Center for Social Emergency Medicine, Highland Hospital, Alameda Health System, Oakland, CA, USA.
Tob Use Insights. 2019 Sep 26;12:1179173X19879136. doi: 10.1177/1179173X19879136. eCollection 2019.
Urban emergency department (ED) patients have elevated smoking and substance use compared with the general population. We analyzed gender differences in smoking among an urban ED sample and assessed the contribution of substance use, demographic, and couple factors.
We conducted a secondary analysis of data obtained from a cross-sectional, observational survey (N = 1037 participants) on drinking, drug use, and intimate partner violence (IPV). Gender-specific logistic regression models for current (past 30-day) smoking and multinomial regression models for smoking intensity (light: ⩽5 cigarettes per day [CPD]; moderate: 6 to 10 CPD; heavier: >10 CPD) were estimated.
Smoking prevalence was higher among men than women (35.5% vs 18.9%; < .001). Substance use (frequency of intoxication, marijuana, amphetamine, and cocaine use), demographic (food insufficiency, unemployment), and couple-related factors (having a spouse/partner who smoked, IPV involvement, being in a same-gender couple) were differentially associated with current smoking and level of intensity among men and women.
Emergency department staff should consider the impact of polysubstance use, food insufficiency, unemployment, and whether both partners in the couple smoke when screening patients for smoking and formulating cessation treatment plans. Women in same-gender relationships and those who have experienced IPV involvement may require additional referral.
与普通人群相比，城市急诊科患者的吸烟率和物质使用水平更高。我们分析了城市急诊科样本中吸烟的性别差异，并评估了物质使用、人口统计学和伴侣因素的影响。
我们对一项关于饮酒、药物使用和亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）的横断面观察性调查（N = 1037名参与者）所获得的数据进行了二次分析。估计了当前（过去30天）吸烟的性别特异性逻辑回归模型以及吸烟强度（轻度：每天吸⩽5支香烟[CPD]；中度：6至10支CPD；重度：>10支CPD）的多项回归模型。
男性的吸烟率高于女性（35.5%对18.9%；P <.001）。物质使用（中毒频率、大麻、苯丙胺和可卡因使用）、人口统计学因素（食物不足、失业）以及伴侣相关因素（有吸烟的配偶/伴侣、涉及IPV、处于同性伴侣关系）与男性和女性当前吸烟情况及吸烟强度水平存在不同程度的关联。
急诊科工作人员在对患者进行吸烟筛查和制定戒烟治疗计划时，应考虑多种物质使用、食物不足、失业以及伴侣双方是否吸烟的影响。处于同性伴侣关系的女性以及那些经历过亲密伴侣暴力的女性可能需要额外的转诊。
