J Emerg Nurs. 2022 Sep;48(5):504-514. doi: 10.1016/j.jen.2022.04.002. Epub 2022 Jun 4.
Urban ED patients have elevated rates of substance use and intimate partner violence. The purpose of this study is to describe the risk profiles for intimate partner violence among urban ED patients who report at-risk alcohol use only, cannabis use only, or both types of substance use.
Cross-sectional survey data were collected from study participants (N = 1037; 53% female; ages 18-50) following informed consent. We measured participants' past-year at-risk drinking (women/men who had 4+/5+ drinks in a day), cannabis use, psychosocial and demographic characteristics, and past-year physical intimate partner violence (assessed with the Revised Conflict Tactics Scale). We used bivariate analysis to assess whether rates of intimate partner violence perpetration and victimization differed by type of substance use behavior. Multivariate logistic regression models were estimated for each intimate partner violence outcome. All analyses were stratified by gender.
Rates of intimate partner violence differed significantly by type of substance use behavior and were highest among those who reported both at-risk drinking and cannabis use. Multivariate analysis showed that women who reported at-risk drinking only, cannabis use only, or both types of substance use had increased odds for intimate partner violence perpetration and victimization compared with women who reported neither type of substance use. Men's at-risk drinking and cannabis use were not associated with elevated odds of intimate partner violence perpetration or victimization.
Brief screening of patients' at-risk drinking and cannabis use behaviors may help identify those at greater risk for intimate partner violence and those in need of referral to treatment.
城市急诊患者的物质使用和亲密伴侣暴力发生率较高。本研究的目的是描述仅报告有风险的酒精使用、仅报告大麻使用或同时报告这两种物质使用的城市急诊患者中亲密伴侣暴力的风险特征。
横断面调查数据是在研究参与者（N=1037；53%为女性；年龄 18-50 岁）知情同意后收集的。我们测量了参与者过去一年的有风险饮酒情况（女性/男性每天饮用 4 杯/5 杯以上）、大麻使用情况、心理社会和人口统计学特征以及过去一年的身体亲密伴侣暴力情况（使用修订后的冲突策略量表评估）。我们使用双变量分析来评估亲密伴侣暴力实施和受害率是否因物质使用行为类型而异。对于每个亲密伴侣暴力结局，我们都使用多变量逻辑回归模型进行估计。所有分析均按性别分层。
亲密伴侣暴力的发生率因物质使用行为类型而异，在同时报告有风险饮酒和大麻使用的人群中最高。多变量分析表明，与既不报告任何一种物质使用也不报告任何一种物质使用的女性相比，仅报告有风险饮酒、仅报告大麻使用或同时报告这两种物质使用的女性发生亲密伴侣暴力实施和受害的几率增加。男性的有风险饮酒和大麻使用与亲密伴侣暴力实施或受害的几率增加无关。
对患者有风险的饮酒和大麻使用行为进行简短筛查可能有助于识别那些亲密伴侣暴力风险较高的人群，并为需要转介治疗的人群提供帮助。
